Transcript Practicing Leadership: Principles and Applications

Practicing Leadership:
Principles and Applications
Chapter 5: Psychology I:
Intelligence and Personality
“Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak;
courage is also what it takes to sit down and
listen.”
Winston Churchill
What is Intelligence?
• Intelligence - the ability to learn or understand or to
deal with new and trying situations; the ability to
manipulate one's environment or to think abstractly as
measured by objective criteria.
• IQ: intelligence quotient- person’s score on a
standardized test designed to measure intelligence
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences
• Musical Intelligence – ability to understand and create music
• Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence – ability to control bodily motions and handle objects
skillfully
• Spatial Intelligence – ability to think in pictures and recreate it
• Interpersonal Intelligence – ability to perceive and understand other individuals
• Intrapersonal Intelligence – understanding one’s self
• Linguistic Intelligence – a sensitivity to the meaning and order of words
• Logical-Mathematic Intelligence – ability in mathematics or other complex logical
systems
• Naturalistic Intelligence – ability to recognize and classify plants, minerals, and
animals
Daniel Goleman
• Emotional Intelligence – ability to fully
understand oneself and to relate well with
others.
• Types of Emotions
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Anger
Sadness
Love
Shame
Costs to Leaders
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Loss of followers
Conflict
Absenteeism
Health costs
Lawsuits
Workplace violence
Leader’s job
Emotional Intelligence
Emotional Intelligence Domain
Leadership Competencies
Self-Awareness: An accurate selfEmotional Self Awareness,
assessment of own strengths and weaknesses Accurate Self Awareness,
Self Confidence
Self-Management: Good self-control,
genuine, adaptable, and achievementoriented.
Self-Control, Transparency,
Adaptability, Achievement,
Initiative, Optimism
Social Awareness: Keenly aware of and
are able to navigate through organizational
hierarchies and foster an open
communication environment.
Empathy, Organizational
Awareness, Service
Relationship Management: Able to
inspire people and help mobilize a shared
mission.
Inspiration, Influence,
Developing Others, Change
Catalyst, Conflict Management,
Teamwork and Collaboration
Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of
Intelligence
• Intelligence is how well an individual deals with
environmental changes
• Three parts of Triarchic theory:
▫ Componential sub theory – relates to one’s ability to solve problems using internal
mechanisms.
▫ Experiential sub theory – considers how familiar a person is with the test content.
▫ Contextual sub theory – relates to the relevance of the test content to the
individual taking the test.
Personality
• Personality – The particular way an individual affects
others and understands him or herself.
• Nature versus Nurture Debate – The debate over to
what degree personality characteristics and traits are
affected by one's genetics (nature) and environment
(nurture).
Attitudes
The Components of Attitudes
Components
Definition
Example
Affective
Favorable or
unfavorable feelings
The workers’ feelings
about the new
regulations
Behavior
Human actions
The workers’
performance
Cognitive
Beliefs, knowledge,
understanding
The workers’ beliefs
about performance
standards and
supervision
Attitudes, Perceptions, and
Attributions
• Social Perceptions – impressions of people who are different from us.
• Stereotyping – fixed impressions, exaggerated or preconceived ideas
about particular groups, usually based solely on physical appearance.
• Selective Perceptions – refers to any number of cognitive biases in
psychology related to the way expectations affect perception.
• Perceptual defense – occurs when persons distort or deny information
that is too difficult to acknowledge as true.
• Attribution – assigning some quality or character to a person or thing.