Transcript electricity and magnetism

ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM
IT’S ALL ABOUT ATTRACTION….BABY
DAILY JOURNAL

Write down at least three things that you
know about electricity and magnetism.
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Can you think of anything about electricity or
magnetism that you don’t know but would like
to discover?
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
ATOMS
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All matter is made up of atoms.
Protons and electrons have a basic property called
a charge.
Having too many or too few electrons causes an
electrical charge
A CHARGE IS A FORCE
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LIKE CHARGES
REPEL EACH OTHER
( FORCE OF REPULSION )
(pushes objects apart )
UNLIKE CHARGES
ATTRACT EACH OTHER
(FORCE OF ATTRACTION )
(pulls objects together )
CONDUCTORS – ALLOW
ELECTRONS TO FLOW FREELY
INSULATOR – DON’T ALLOW
ELECTRONS TO MOVE FREELY
PLASTIC
WOOD
RUBBER
GLASS
ELECTRIC VOCABULARY
ELECTROSCOPE – A DEVICE THAT DETECTS
ELECTRICAL CHARGES
ELECTRIC CURRENT – FLOW OF
ELECTRONS THROUGH A
CONDUCTOR
RESISTANCE – OPPOSITION TO THE FLOW OF
ELECTRICITY
STATIC ELECTRICITY
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CAUSED BY THE
MOVEMENT OF
CHARGES FROM ONE
OBJECT TO
ANOTHER WITHOUT
FURTHER
MOVEMENT
CHARGES BEGIN TO
BUILD UP
LIGHTNING
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CAUSED BY THE
MOVEMENT OF WIND
THAT PRODUCES A
DISCHARGE OF
STATIC ELECTRICITY
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CAUSED AS
ELECTRONS JUMP
FROM CLOUD TO
CLOUD
BATTERIES
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What is a wet cell:
A wet cell is composed
of a copper and zinc
strip, called electrodes.
The dilute sulfuric acid
found in a wet cell is
the electrolyte.
Electrolyte is a liquid
that has the ability to
conduct electricity
BATTERIES
A TEMPORARY SOURCE OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
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A "dry-cell" battery is
essentially composed
of a metal electrode or
graphite rod (elemental
carbon) surrounded by
a moist electrolyte
paste enclosed in a
metal cylinder.
ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
OPEN
CIRCUIT
CLOSED CIRCUIT
An electrical* circuit connects a power source to an
electrical device. Ohm's law explains the
relationships among the power source, the electric
device, and the electric current*.
SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRUITS
Series circuit
Parallel circuit
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A series circuit has one path for the electricity to
move through the circuit.
A parallel circuit has more than one path for the
electricity to travel through.
MORE VOCABULARY
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VOLT – UNIT TO
MEASURE ELECTRIC
POTENTIAL
AMPERE – UNIT TO
MEASURE RATE OF
ELECTRON FLOW
POWER – RATE AT WHICH
ELECTRICAL ENERGY IS
CONVERTED TO
ANOTHER ENERGY
SWITCH - USED TO BREAK A
CIRCUIT
MAGNETISM
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FORCE OF ATTRACTION OR REPULSION OF A
MAGNETIC MATERIAL
LAW OF MAGNETIC ATTRACTION
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LIKE POLES REPEL EACH OTHER
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UNLIKE POLES ATTRACT EACH OTHER
KINDS OF MAGNETS
BAR
HORSESHOE
LODESTONE
A NATURAL MAGNETIC
ROCK
MAGNETIC FIELD
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AREA COVERED
BY THE MAGNETIC
FORCE
THE EARTH AS A MAGNET
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THE EARTH EXERTS
MAGNETIC FORCES
AND IS STRONGEST
NEAR THE NORTH
AND SOUTH
MAGNETIC POLES
ELECTROMAGNETISM
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An electromagnet is a
strong magnet that can
be turned off and on.
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Requires electric
current to operate