Transcript Success & Goals... - University of Idaho

HOW PERCEPTIONS OF
SUCCESS AND GOALS
MEDIATE MOTIVATION
Damon Burton
University of Idaho
What is success?
AND
How do we define it?
IS SUCCESS SUBJECTIVE
OR OBJECTIVE?
 What
is objective success?
 How does it differ from
subjective success?
 Give me an example of objective
success.
 Provide an example of
subjective success.
OBJECTIVE VERSUS
SUBJECTIVE SUCCESS
 Objective
Success – winning or
placing high in a race.
 Subjective Success – reaching a
valued goal such as playing
slightly beyond your current
performance capabilities (CPC).
 Which type of
success is more
feasible and controllable?
MAEHR & NICHOLLS (1980)
Success
and failure are not
objective events BUT
subjective perceptions of
each individual.
Perceived success and
failure are defined based on
whether performance
exceeds goals.
MAEHR & NICHOLLS (1980)
 Goals
define success and failure in 2
ways
 what
you are trying to accomplish or
personal attributes you value
 amount or degree to which
performance meets or exceeds goal
standards
 Primary
 social
Achievement Goals
approval
 ability
 task/intrinsic
PRIMARY
ACHIEVEMENT GOALS
Social
Approval – others tell
you that you did well
Ability – socially compare
well and demonstrate
competence
Task/Intrinsic – learning,
mastery and self-comparison
MEASURING
ACHIEVEMENT GOALS
 Ewing
factor table 11
Does success or failure
mean the same thing to
all of us?
CONCEPTS CLOSEST AND
FARTHEST FROM SUCCESS
CONCEPTS CLOSEST AND
FARTHEST FROM FAILURE
Do we define these
terms the same
way?
If not, are there gender,
racial, ethnic or cultural
differences in definitions
of success and failure?
ANTECEDENTS &
CONSEQUENCES
SUCCESS IS DEFINED IN
TERMS OF VALUES
 Values are
learned attitudes.
 Values are influenced by . . .
 gender
roles learned from significant
others
 cultural values
 racial and ethnic-based norms and
beliefs
 religious doctrine
 other groups that influence how we
view the world and decide what is
important
How do we measure
subjective perceptions of
success and failure?
ANTECEDENT S OF
SUCCESS & FAILURE
CONSEQUENCES OF
SUCCESS & FAILURE
CONSEQUENCES
OF SPORT SUCCESS
ENHANCING PERSONAL
INVESTMENT
Person-focused
strategies
Job-focused strategies
Organization-focused
strategies
PERSON-FOCUSED
STRATEGIES
Selecting
motivated people
Placement of putting the
right person in the
appropriate job
Developing new goals and
sense-of-self variables in
individuals.
JOB-FOCUSED
STRATEGIES
 change
job itself
 change larger organizational
network in which the job is
performed
 social
aspects
 inherent attractiveness
 evaluation
ORGANIZATION-FOCUSED
STRATEGIES
 establishing &
communicating a
mission
 establishing salient goals
 concern for individual in the
organization
 delegate power
 identify and reward excellence