Transcript Environmental education

Chapter 21 Environmental education
Main content
21.1 The role and position of environmental education
21.2 The goals and implementation approach of
environmental education
21.3 The method of environmental education
21.4 The environmental quality and environmental
behavior of citizens
21.5 Case study
21.1 The role and position of
environmental education
21.1.1 The significance of environmental education
 Strengthen environmental education and raise
environmental awareness,fit your actions to sustainable
development regular pattern, which is the basis of
environmental protection
 Environmental education’s aim is to raise public
environmental awareness and makes the educated gain
necessary knowledge and values of understanding, protecting
and improving the environment.
Figure 21-1 The role and position of environmental education
21.1.2 Environmental education and sustainable
development
In June,1992,the conception --- "re-education for sustainable
development" was proposed in "Agenda 21" in "Environment and
Development conference “ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
In December 1997, Environment and Society International
Conference was held in Cesar Rodney ,Greece, issued "Declaration
of Cesar Rodney," and proposed that the environment education is
for the environment and sustainable development.
Environmental education is most important to sustainable
development.
Education is the key of sustainable development which makes it
from concept to action.
21.1.3 Citizen environmental literacy and environmental
education
Environmental education can improve people's environmental
awareness.
After environmental education, people can recognize and
understand the complex structure of environment,and it can promote
importance of environment in development to people.
Environmental education can make people fully understand the
interdependence of economy, polity, and ecology in the world
From this poeple can correctly understand and analyze
environmental problems and actively thinking about how to reduce
and solve these problems.
21.2 The goals and implementation
approach of environmental education
21.2.1 Characteristics of environmental education
Comprehensiveness: environment education is related to natural and
social science and is a multidisciplinary education
Diversity: many forms of education
 Continuity:The education which aims to solve environment
problems is a continuous process.
Universalist
Practicalness:It emphasis environment action and solution of
environment problems in environment education.
21.2.2 The goals of environmental education
 With the development of environmental education and its gradual
deepening, the aim of environmental education is dynamically
developing,and its main process is showed as the table 21-1.
 Now,the environmental education is essentially for sustainable
development.Its goal is in a full range, and it should include several levels
(awareness)
（knowledge）
(attitude)
(practice)
Table 21-1 Evolvement course of environmental education goals
Time
1972
1977
1992
Conference name
Belgrade Conference on
Human Environment
Tbilisi Conference
World Conference on
Environment and
Development
The goals of environmental education
Improve the environment awareness of all the people in the
world, and make them concern about the environment and its
problems, make the individuals or group have knowledge,
skills and attitudes to solve the current problems and prevent
new problems ,and make them engage into this work.
People are awared to understand and make concern to the
interdependence of the economy, society, polity and ecology in
rural and urban areas;Provide people the opportunity to get
the necessary knowledge, values, attitudes, duties and skills
for improving the environment; Establish the new patterns of
behavior for the treatment of environment by individuals and
groups.
Make people understand that the lifes on this planet are
interdependent;Promote people’s
understanding of
environment’s promotion or encumbrance in sustainable
development; Cultivate people’s
awareness, abilities,
attitudes and values, ​so that they can participate the national
and international sustainable development activities
effectively , to get a fairer and more sustainable future.
Figure 21-2 Environmental education goals attainments figure
21.2.3 The implementation approach of
environmental education
（1）Orientation of environmental education
There are three relative independent forms of environment education :
Reference to the environmental education :Teach the knowledge of the
environment to help learners to understand the generation,development and its
relationship to humans in environmental problems at different areas.
Education in the environment: the familiar or the related environment are
regarded as the education resources and places,take the learner experience in the
environment as an education agency.
Education for environment:make the learners to have the responsible attitudes
and behavior to the environment,take care of the environment, protect the
environment.
Figure 21-3 Goal and orientation ideogram of environmental education
（2）The implementation approach of
environmental education
①
Environmental education in school
Divided into two kinds as basic education and professional
education
Basic school education is mainly to primary and secondary schools
School professional education is for different levels of the
environmental professionals
②

Community environmental education
Community landscaping is the obligations of teachers and
students, and also creats a favorable external conditions for school
environmental education .
Figure 21-4 The relationship between curriculum and environmental education
③ In-service environmental education
At present ,there are many staff not having systematic
environmental professional training in China's environmental
protection department,so the important part of environmental
education is to these staff
In 1981, the first environmental service cadre training school
was established ---- Chinese Environmental Management
College,and this school is responsible for taking academic
education, continuing education and job training for the cadres in
national environmental protection system.
21.3 The approach of environmental education
21.3.1
Teaching strategies of environmental education
 Use various means and methods of teaching comprehensively
 Emphasize the autonomy of the learner
 Guide the learners to identify problems in daily life
 Do from "able to solve problems" ,do from now on and from myself
21.3.2 Teaching mode and teaching methods
(1) Inquiry teaching
Inquiry-based learning can be divided into five steps by the
student:
Identify and ask the questions
Make the plan to the question on “what has been known and
what need to know next”
Collect the information and analyze and synthesize it
Analyze and arrange the information, make a solution, and
select and determine the action case
Make implementation plans,have social action, evaluate and
adjust the plan
Figure 21-5 Inquiry learning steps figure
（2） Participatory teaching and interactive teaching
Currently,interactive environment education
method is based on problem(take environment
problems to coordinate the teaching content) which
is more popular in international and the main
organization forms are combined with cooperative
learning in groups, individual independent study and
group discussions
Figure 21-6 The process of interactive teaching method
（Notes：quoted from Li Zijian，1998）
Figure 21-7 Continuum of teaching
(Notes：quoted from Li Zijian，1998)
Table 21-2 Classification table of environmental education methods in school
The name of the method
Implementation
approaches
Results of
implementation
Observe and investigate
type
Use the sense of vision,
hearing , touch and taste
Have a good habits of
carefully observation and
experience
Discussi and debate type
Interactive
communication
Exercise of thinking
ability and achieve
emotion, attitude and
values’ conversion
Experiment type
Use some equipment by
your hands
Have a rigorous scientific
attitude and realistic
spirit
Simulation experience
type
Play a relevant role
From perceptual
knowledge to rational
knowledge
Multimedia application
type
Multimedia teaching
Software
Get perceptual
knowledge to raise
thinking
Interactive teaching of community education
environment
Community service and practice
Outdoor teaching by the community
environment
 Outdoor environment education,aims to
contact with the nature
Environmental education from the school
to the urban community
21.4 The environmental quality and environmental
behavior of citizen
21.4.1 The environmental quality of citizen
Environmental quality is the component of scientific
quality of human, it is scientific literacy and psychological
quality which is from childhood to the continuous
development for all life to the environment as a specific
functioning object.
Environmental quality of the citizen is an important
measurement to see whether a country is progressive or not
21.4.2 Environmental behavior regulation of citizen
Saving resources, reduce pollution
Green consumption, environmental
protection and buy
 Reuse, repeated use
Classification recycling, recycling
Refuse wild food, rescue
21.4.3 The environmental quality cultivation of
citizen
 Training the leaderships with environmental quality

Training the professionals with environmental quality

Training primary school students with environmental quality
21.6 Case study - environment awareness and behavior of different citizen
In transboundary pollution treatment,the "big blocks" loses to the
“ protective umbrella”
On March 22nd,2002,the tenth World Water Day,a special trial
was holding in Zhejiang Changxing People's Court. The plaintiff is
the fish farmers in Changxing Si’an reservoir.They litigated Anhui
Guangde organic synthesis chemical plant onto the court to require
the compensation for the loss of the dead fish caused by pollution
reservoir.
After trial, the verdict is: the defendant compensate the plaintiff
617,500 yuan,and should pay it with 10 days after the
commencement of this decision. The fee of this case 11,185 yuan is
charged on the defendant.
Case study
The contradiction both parts consider the issue from their own interests
It should respect the right of survival and development of the others in
sewage, and is responsible to their own environment actions
The leaders in government, should know how to coordinate the
relationship in environment protection ,economy development and social
continuance .
From this incident,we can see that we should gradually improve China's
environment protection system,and also improve the environment quality
of the general public radically.
Thank you!