Transcript socialization is…

SOCIALIZATION
The LIFELONG process of
Learning how to participate in group
life
Acquisition of:
- Self-Identity
- Physical, mental, and social skills
needed for survival.
SOCIALIZATION IS…
…ESSENTIAL to the survival and stability of
society
No more
talk…Let’s
make
- We learn
theCindy!
cultural norms
of the time
Golly,
Cansocialization
I buy you
through
(changeout!
over time)
aEXAMPLE:
milkshake?
Dating (1959 vs. 2009)
…FUNDAMENTAL for individuals to develop
properly
ISOLATION
• Emotional and social growth are stunted
• Examples
– Harlow’s monkey study
– Genie
Theoretical Perspectives
Perspective
View of Socialization
Media Influence on
Socialization
Functionalism
Contributes to a stable
society
Exposing society to
shared beliefs, values
and norms.
Conflict Theory
Way for the powerful to
keep things the same
Sets political agenda for
a community
Symbolic Interactionism
Major determinate of
human nature
Uses words and pictures
to expose us to culture
Self-Concept
Self-concept:
idea that you have an
identity separate from
other people
Self-Concept
Looking-Glass Self:
your image of yourself is
based on what you believe
others think of you
1.Imagine how we appear to
others
2.Imagine the reaction of
others to our appearance
3.Evaluate ourselves based
on how we imagine others
have judged us
Self-Concept
Looking-Glass Self:
your image of yourself is
based on what you believe
others think of you
1.Imagine how we appear to
others
2.Image the reaction of others
to our appearance
3.Evaluate ourselves based
on how we imagine others
have judged us
Role Taking
During game stage, your self-concept begins to depend
less on views of individuals and more on general ideas.
Generalized Other: integrated conception of the
norms, values and beliefs of one’s community.
Imitation
Play
Game
• Age 1-2
• Imitate but do
not know why
• Age 3-4
• Take on roles
of others
• Age 5+
• Anticipate
other’s actions
based on rules
What is common to all role taking?
Assume viewpoint of others to shape the self-concept
Who Are You?
“ME”
“I”
Part of self formed
through
socialization
Part of self that
accounts for
unlearned,
spontaneous
acts
AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
Family
School
Peer Groups
Media
FAMILY
• Most important agent of socialization!
• Families give the earliest social &
emotional development to children.
• Where we acquire our social position in
society
– Racial, ethnic, religious subculture groupings.
SCHOOL
• First relationship with people that is
impersonal
• Sanctions are based on performance
not affection
• Children become less dependent
emotionally on parents
PEER GROUPS
• People who are linked by common
interests, equal social position and
similar age
• Peer groups function as an agent of
socialization by giving us a sense of
belonging & self-worth
• Some degree of freedom from
parents or authority (school agent)
Belonging to a Peer Group
• Conforming to a group’s norms
– Attitudes
– Speech
– Dress
• If we conform we are rewarded
• Not conform we are ridiculed
• PEER PRESSURE
– Evident very early on
– groups in preschools!
MEDIA
• Any source or organization that use
print or electronic means to
communicate.
– Radio, TV, internet, newspapers,
magazines, etc.
Functions of Media
• Inform us about events
• Introduce us to a wide variety of people
• Provide an array of viewpoints on current issues
• Make us aware of products and services
• Entertain us by providing the experience of
doing something we wouldn’t normally do
Critics of Media
• Too much violence
• Not enough exercise
• Too much marketing for things kids do
not need
• Projection of negative images of
minorities & women
– i.e. promote women solely as sex symbols
because of the types of clothes they wear, etc.
Violence on TV
• Why is it not enough, when parents raise their
kids “right,” that kids still get involved with
violence and crime?
– Does mass media really have that much power over
people?
• Are kids that play a lot of video games and
watch violence on TV more apt to commit or be
involved with crime/violence?
– Friends watch it/do it?
– Not supervised by adults?
– No one to teach them right from wrong?
Violence on TV
Watch the cartoon clip and keep a tally
of violent/inappropriate actions.
Violence
Adult Language
Adult/Suggestive Themes
Etc.
Violence on TV
Read pages 136-137.
Answer questions 1-3.
It is a proven point that violence among
youth has increased. Do you believe TV
and media is responsible? Explain.
At different stages of life, you learn new skills &
behaviors (Agents of Socialization)
3 Processes connected with socialization
1) Desocialization
2) Resocialization
3) Anticipatory Socialization
“Re-programming” must take place…but how?
_______________: Give up old norms, values,
attitudes, and behaviors
- The complete destruction of old self-concept
EXTREME CASES:
_________________: places in which people
are separated from society and controlled by
officials in charge
- Ex) Mental hospitals, cults, prisons, etc.
- Replace personal items with standard-issued
items (no long hair, no hats, referred to as a
number)
______________: process of adopting NEW
norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors
Usually occurs in a total institution where the
resident gains a NEW self-concept
Rewards and Punishments used to reshape
behavior
Examples) Extra food, Special privileges, or
physical punishment
Less Extreme Cases
We go through periods of “de” and “re”socialization throughout our entire lives!
Child becoming teenagers
Young adults starting careers
Elderly people moving into retirement
___________________: preparing, IN
ADVANCE, for new norms, values, attitudes,
and behaviors
These are VOLUNTARY changes…no need for
total institutions!
Moving from one stage of your life to another.
Anticipatory Socialization leads to…
The formation of ___________________
- Groups we use to evaluate ourselves
against
- We hope to one day be part of these groups
so we shape our norms, attitudes, values, and
behaviors after them.
1) Is the following scenario
Desocialization, Resocialization, or
Anticipatory Socialization?
First year students acquire a new identity
during their Freshman year at a military
academy
2) Is the following scenario
Desocialization, Resocialization, or
Anticipatory Socialization?
Prison personnel deliberately attempt to
destroy the self-concepts of inmates
3) Is the following scenario
Desocialization, Resocialization, or
Anticipatory Socialization?
High school students identify with college
students.
4) Which of the following is NOT an
example of a reference group?
A) Rock-star subculture
B) United States Military Academy
C) Terrorists
D) Mass Media
In your team…
1) List the reference group(s) to which you
belong
2) Explain how you must anticipate
“resocialization” to prepare for entrance
into that group
3) Name the event that you think Seniors
will most easily win tonight at B&W NITE