Transcript INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY

UNDERSTAND IMPORTANT SOCIOLOGICAL
TERMINOLOGY
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On your tables create a mind map of any key
words you can think of associated with
Sociology/society
(6 mins)
Sociology is the study of Society
But what is Society???
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In pairs draw your version of society on your
A3 paper
However you both decide
There is no right or wrong
I will be collecting them in at the end.
(10 minutes)
What did you include?
On your picture label any;
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Systems – S
EG -Health, education, welfare...
Interactions – I
EG - Exchanges between people – waving,
buying something in a shop,
Write down your own definition of ‘Society’
Now list the following words in your notes
Leave space between each word so that you can make notes
on each
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Norms
Values
Beliefs
Customs
Status
Role
Discuss the meanings of each of them on your table
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These are widely accepted beliefs that
something is worthwhile and desirable.
For example, most societies place a high
value on human life.
Examples of British values include fair play,
democracy, free speech, tolerance, property,
love, family life etc.
What values do you hold?
Create an individual mind map of your values.
(10 mins)
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Norms are values put into practice.
They are specific (but often
unwritten) rules of behaviour that
apply to specific social situations.
Examples include ‘rules’ about how
to eat, how to dress or how to
speak to people in certain
situations.
There are also norms that govern
how we are supposed to behave
according to our gender.
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Customs are traditional and regular forms of
behaviour associated with specific social
situations.
For example, in Britain people celebrate
Bonfire night by setting off fireworks and they
eat pancakes on Shrove Tuesday.
A person’s status is their position
society.
 There are different types of
status:
1. Ascribed statuses – these
are fixed at birth usually by
biology or inheritance e.g. your
gender or race.
2. Achieved statuses –
these are statuses over which
individuals have control and
which are attained through
education, jobs, marriage etc.
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Society expects those of a certain status to
behave in a particular way.
A set of norms will be associated with that
status. This set of norms is known as a role.
For example, the role of ‘doctor’ is
accompanied by cultural expectations about
patient confidentiality and professional
behaviour.
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Culture is defined as the ‘way of life’ of a
social group.
Every culture is a blend of beliefs, attitudes,
values, expectations and ways of thinking,
feeling and behaving.
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Culture is:
1. SHARED – it forms the basis of a
society by binding individuals together,
enabling them to communicate and cooperate.
2. LEARNED – we are not born with
culture, we learn it. This learning
process is called SOCIALISATION.
A group of people within society who share
norms, values, beliefs and attitudes that are
in some ways different from mainstream
culture.
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Norms
Values
Beliefs
Customs
Status
Role
Socialisation
Society
Culture
Subculture
Socialisation –
The process by which an individual learns or internalises the
culture of society.
Society –
An organised group of individuals living as members of a
community
Culture-
All those things that are learnt and shared by a society or group of
people and transmitted from generation to generation through
socialisation.
Subculture-
A group of people within society who share norms, values, beliefs
and attitudes that are in some ways different from mainstream
culture.
Primary Socialisation
Secondary Socialisation
Social order
Social institutions
Sanctions
Social control
Social construction
Identify & describe a subculture within our
society
FINAL DEADLINE: Wednesday 19th September
9am
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Explain the meaning of the term culture
Complete the exam question and hand it to
me as you exit
 SOCIOLOGY
VOCAB TEST
In your groups work together to write down the
definitions for the key terms we looked at last
lesson
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Everyone in the class gained between 2-4
marks
Key pointsCulture is BOTH learnt and shared
T- use more/explain sociology terminology
P- Point is unclear
Q- Points made do not answer the question
E- Use more examples
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As discussed earlier, we are not born with
culture. We learn it through the
SOCIALISATION PROCESS.
This is the lifelong process through which
individuals learn and internalise the norms
and values of their culture.
It has TWO STAGES.
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0-5 years old.
The family is the AGENT OF PRIMARY
SOCIALISATION.
Learn language and basic norms and values.
Often learnt through IMITATION OF ROLE
MODELS such as parents or older siblings.
Parents may use SANCTIONS (rewards or
punishments) to reinforce approved behaviour
and punish deviant (norm-breaking)
behaviour.
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‘Feral children’ can be used to illustrate the
importance of primary socialisation…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipt0pjz0m
wg&feature=related
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From 5 years old and up – it is a lifelong process.
Agents of secondary socialisation include:
- schools
- peer group
- the mass media
- religion
- workplace
Here, we learn more complex and specific norms
and values.
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In your group read through the item and
highlight any sociological terminology
Discuss what each of the key terms mean,
make notes – annotate your sheet
Work together to write a detailed answer to
the question, use as many sociological terms
as you can
When you do use sociological terms make
sure you show that you know what they mean
eg – ......norms, rules of behaviour,......
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Having constructed your answer you are
going to mix groups and share your
knowledge with your new group members
DON’T JUST DICTACT
YOU ARE NOW THE EXPERT
YOU NEED TO EXPLAIN
Mind map how
you might
answer the
section b) Q.
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Explain the meaning of the term primary
socialisation
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Explain the meaning of the term secondary
socialisation (5 marks)
2 teams
1 person from each team come to sit on
the hot seat
The rest of the team need to work
together to explain the key term which
appears on the screen
You have 1 minute before the other
team 1 minute to continue
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N2Blh9Ky
djA
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Having constructed your answer you are
going to mix groups and share your
knowledge with your new group members
DON’T JUST DICTACT
YOU ARE NOW THE EXPERT
YOU NEED TO EXPLAIN
Mind map how
you might
answer the
section b) Q.
It is really important that you take the time and
read through your work and analyse it
yourself so that you know how to improve it.
With reference to the item explain the meaning
of the term primary socialisation –
5 marks;
1)Must explain the term socialisation
(Learn norms & values)
2) explain primary socialisation
(before school 0-4, family main agent...)
3)Must have a sentence that makes a link to
the item.
With reference to the item explain the meaning of
the term secondary socialisation (5 marks)
5 marks;
1)Must explain the term socialisation
(Learn norms & values)
2) explain secondary socialisation
(Begins when they start school, life long process,
various different agents of socialisation school,
work, mass media as well as family )
3)Must have a sentence that makes a link to the
item.
Label your file dividers as follows;
1)Assessment
Everyone should have;
2)Culture & Identity
3)Theories
Sociology handbook
4)Family – Types
5)Family – Trends
Sociology dictionary
6)Family –Diversity
Social Sciences intervention
7)Family – Theory
sheet
8)Family-Policy
9)
Folder check sheet
10)
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 Folders
£1 please
Please see me if you are
missing anything
 SOCIOLOGY
VOCAB TEST
Individually work together to write down the
definitions for the key terms from this week
EXTENSION
Add any
others you
know
Norms –
 Acceptable behaviour
Values –
 These are widely accepted beliefs that something
is worthwhile and desirable.
Beliefs Something a person is convinced of as true
Culture Culture is defined as the ‘way of life’ of a social
group.
Status
 A persons position in society
Role Social expectations of suitable behaviour for
status’
Achieved statusStatus gained through education or marriage
 Ascribed statusStatus fixed at birth usually by biology or inheritance
 Socialisation process by which we learn norms & values
 Primary socialisation 0-4/5 basic norms and values.
 Secondary socialisation 4/5 years old and up – it is a lifelong process
 Subculture A group that deviates slightly from the norms and
values of a particular culture
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To recap on Sociological vocab.
To make sure everyone has a clear
understanding of the course and the
behaviour expected of them in this classroom
To discuss the view that human behaviour is
the role of nature (our inherited biological
make up) or nurture (socialisation)
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I want you ALL to enjoy your lessons
I want you ALL to like/love this subject
I want you ALL to pass your exam
For these reasons there are some things I will
ask from you-
I want you ALL to enjoy your lessons
I want you ALL to like/love this subject
I want you ALL to pass your exam
NO HANDS UP – 20% of the class answer 80% of the
questions. I want everyone to think about every
question I ask then I will ask someone to
feedback
 DISCUSSION – There is a great amount of
research that proves that when we discuss things
with others it helps us understand and
remember. Explaining things to others is the
most effective way of ensuring you fully
understand and remember.
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Respect yourself and everybody in this room –
no put downs of other people based on their
race, religion, ethnic back-ground, skin
colour, native language, gender, sexual
preference, intelligence, body shape, or body
size.
Those characteristics are not chosen by
people; we are born with them. Criticizing or
insulting people for things beyond their
control is not fair and will not be tolerated in
this classroom
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If you disagree with a comment somebody has
made or think their behaviour is cruel, say ‘I
disagree’ or ‘I think your behaviour is cruel’ do
not insult the other person.
There are many, many forms of prejudice, and
most of us have our own opinions and ideas
about the world. You are entitled to believe and
think whatever you choose.
You are not entitled, however, to express your
opinions in a manner that may insult, degrade,
embarrass, hurt or humiliate other people.
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The nature view of human behaviour
suggests that all behaviour is caused by our
genetic make up.
The genes that we inherited from our parents
So in the same way that we are born male or
female, we are born with a blue print (a
framework) to behave in a certain way
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The nurture view of human behaviour
suggests that all behaviour is the result of
interactions with the environment.
Our experiences throughout life; our
socialisation as well as life events.
The nurture view sees the individual as being
born as an empty vessel, and is filled up with
the experiences they gain from their
environment
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How much of our behaviour is due to nature?
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How much is due to nurture?
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Watch this clip and think about this social –
psychological debate
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ivNjCdK
m04&feature=relmfu
John Barryman
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Class discussion – Rules
DO NOT TALK OVER PEOPLE
Whoever is holding the dice is the one who is
talking
Put your hand up if you would like to speak next
I will chair the discussion so decide who will be
the next to talk
You may throw the dice to the next person the
speak BUT if anyone throws it in an inappropriate
way – too hard, deliberately in the opposite
direction etc then we will stop.
Identify & describe a subculture within our society
Eg’s
Goths
Skaters
Chavs
FINAL DEADLINE: Wednesday 19th September 9am
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Disney clip
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Insert link
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2 minutes per person, to explain as many key
words as you can from the envelope
Timer
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Gender socialisation & gender equality
Masculinities/Feminities
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We learn many norms and values through
this process, including those associated with
being male or female.
The process of acquiring one’s gender
identity is called GENDER ROLE
SOCIALISATION.
We are going to look at the role of the mass
media as an agent of gender role
socialisation.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsy3BblcjCA
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Why do women shave their arms and legs?
Why is rugby seen to be a man’s sport?
Why don’t men wear dresses?