Transcript Plants - Pacoima Charter School

Mr. Harper’s science mini lesson
with audio
Vascular
Plants
Plants with a
system of tubes
Important vocabulary
Vascular
(VAS kyoo ler)
-
having tubes to transport materials
within an organism, such as blood in
animals, or water and sap in plants.
arteries
veins
Important vocabulary
Vascular plant – the type of
plant that has tubes that carry
materials to all the plant’s cells
Plants and animals are all made up of
tiny living parts called cells. All living
things, and every cell in them, must
have food and water or they will die.
Animal cell
Plant cell
Animal cells get
the materials they
need from blood.
A circulatory system
of tubes (blood vessels)
carries blood to
every animal cell.
Plants don’t have blood but they still
must get water and food to every cell.
Nonvascular plants don’t have tubes.
They can’t grow large because they
wouldn’t be able to move water and
nutrients to cells deep inside.
moss
algae
Nonvascular plants are very
small plants that don’t need tubes
to transport materials because every
cell is close enough to the water (or air)
to get what they need.
Algae are tiny plants that
make river water look green.
There are several thousand
nonvascular plants on this hand.
Vascular plants
have tubes to
transport food
and water to
cells inside the
plant. This allows
them to grow
much bigger
than plants with
no tubes.
5th graders learn
about vascular
plants and how
their tube-like
structures transport
materials like water,
minerals and sugar
that every cell
needs to live.
Vascular plants i
have a system of tubes that carry water
and nutrients all through the plant.
Animals have one system of
tubes to carry blood to all the cells.
This is called the
circulatory system.
Vascular plants have
two
systems
of tubes.
Xylem are the tubes
that carry water and minerals
from the roots up the stem to
the leaves.
tzyhe
plan
(ZY
lum)
Sometimes
the xylem
are big
enough to
see when
a plant
stalk has
been cut.
Phloem
carry the
sugar made in the leaves to
all parts of the plant.
(FLO em)
Phloem
tubes carry a
mixture of sugar
and water called
sap from the
leaves to all
parts of the plant.
Tree sap
Plants have two systems
of tubes called
xylem
xylem
(ZY lum)
transport water and
minerals up from the roots.
phloem
(FLO um)
transport sap (water and sugar) from
leaves to every part of the plant.
phloem
We can usually see the
tubes when we look closely
at a leaf.
The stems of vascular
plants have bundles of
xylem and phloem
tubes.
Wood is made mostly
of old xylem tubes.
Plants are producers.
They make food.
Only plants
can make
food.
The food that plants make
is a chemical called sugar.
We may think of
sugar as a sweet
white substance that
we sprinkle on cereal.
That is pure, refined
sugar.
All plants, even grass,
has some sugar in it
that animals can use
for food.
Plants make sugar in their leaves.
A green material in the leaves called
chlorophyll
(CLOR ah fil)
turns light energy from the sun into
chemical energy (sugar).
Plants can’t grow
without sugar energy.
Animals can’t live
xxwithout sugar energy.
Only plant cells that contain
chlorophyll
can make sugar.
Chlorophyll is the reason
that plant leaves are green.
Chlorophyll in plant leaves
is what converts sunlight
energy into sugar.
Phloem tubes carry a
sticky mixture of
water and sugar
called sap.
The phloem tubes transport
the sugar made in the leaves
to every part of the plant for
growth
and
storage.
Different plants store sugar
energy in different ways.
(flowers)
(fruit)
(roots)
(stalks)
(leaves)
(seeds)
Animals eat plants to get the
sugar energy to live and grow.
The process of plants turning
sunlight energy into chemical
energy is called photosynthesis.
(foh toh SIN theh sis)
Plants must have three
things in order to make food.
(for photosynthesis
light
to happen)
water
?
?
CO2 (Carbon dioxide)
?
In order to make food
plants must have:
light
CO2
(Carbon dioxide)
water
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
is a gas that makes up less than 1%
of Earth’s atmosphere. Plants
can’t make sugar without CO2.
Animals release CO2 into
the air as a waste product
when they breathe.
Plants take in CO2 and use
it as they make sugar (chemical energy).
Plants release oxygen as a
waste product as they make sugar.
Plants can’t live without
CO2 and must release
oxygen.
Animals can’t live without
oxygen and must release CO2.
This oxygen cycle is very
important for life on Earth.
Photosynthesis works like this
Light +
(energy)
H2O + CO2
(water)
(carbon dioxide)
sugar + oxygen
C6H12O6
O2
H2O and CO2
molecules are
pressed together
to become sugar
molecules by the
sun’s energy.
A spare oxygen
molecule is
released in the
process.
OK, let’s see how much
you can remember.
Review:
What waste gas is
released by plants?
?
Review:
What waste gas is
released by plants?
Oxygen
oxygen
Review:
What gas is
needed by
plants?
?
Review:
What gas is needed
by plants?
Carbon
dioxide
CO2
CO2
Review:
What gas is released
by animals as they
live and breathe?
Review:
What waste gas is
released by animals
as they live and breathe?
Carbon
dioxide
CO2
Review:
What is the
name of the
process in
which plants
make food
from sunlight?
Review:
What is the
process in which
plants make food
from sunlight?
Photosynthesis
Review:
In what part of
the plant is food
made during
photosynthesis?
Review:
In what part of
the plant is food
made during
photosynthesis?
sugar
The leaves
Review:
In what part of
the plant is food
made during
photosynthesis?
The leaves
sugar
Review:
What is the name for the
food chemical that plants
make during
photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis
sunlight + water + CO2
?
sugar + oxygen
?
Review:
What is the name for the
food chemical that plants
make during
photosynthesis?
sugar
Photosynthesis
sunlight + water + CO2
sugar + oxygen
Review:
What is the name for the
food chemical that plants
make during
photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis
sunlight + water + CO2
sugar + oxygen
Where is sugar made?
Where is sugar made?
In the leaves
of plants
Learn more with these
Brainpop cartoons:
• Photosynthesis
• Plant Growth