Transcript What is the function of Roots?

Plant Anatomy and
Physiology
Early Plant Ancestors
All were Aquatic
Green Algae Structure
Stipe: Holds plant upright
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Rhizoid: Anchors algae
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Stem
Cell Wall
Leaf
True Roots
Vacuole
What did plants have to do to
make the move to land?
Put down Roots
Algae absorb the water
they need from
surrounding; rhizoids
anchor
Plant roots help them
absorb water and
nutrients
What did plants have to do to
make the move to land?
Develop a functional
stem
Algae absorb what they
need from their
surroundings; also one
cell thick
Plants have a stem
which transports
glucose and water to
the whole plant
What did plants have to do to
make the move to land?
Prevent water loss
Algae live in water;
no need to control
water; absorb what
they need
Plants developed a
cuticle (waxy outer
layer) to prevent loss
What is the function of
Roots?
What is the function of Roots?
• Transport water
and nutrients
throughout the
plant.
• Structure and
support
Two types of roots: Fibrous
Mainly lateral roots
branching from
one main point
Two types of roots: Tap
One main root;
lateral roots
extending from the
tap root
What type of root?
Fibrous
What type of root?
Tap
What is the function of
stems?
What is the function of stems?
• Stems are the
main highway for
the transport of
glucose and
water.
• Vascular tissue
makes up core of
stems.
Plant tissue: Vascular
• Location: Core of
the stem
• Function:
Transports glucose
and water
throughout plants
Components of Vascular Tissue:
Phloem
• “Phloem down below
em”
• Glucose is made in the
leaves of a plant.
• Phloem transports
glucose down
throughout the plant.
Components of Vascular Tissue:
Xylem
• “Xylem to the skylem”
• Vascular tissue is used
to transport materials
throughout the plant.
• Xylem transports water
up throughout the plant
What is the function of
leaves?
What is the function of leaves?
• Leaves are the site of
photosynthesis.
• Photosynthesis is
the process in which
plants capture
energy from the sun
and carbon dioxide
to make glucose
Leaf Structure
Stem
Cuticle
• Waxy outer
layer which
prevents water
from leaving
the cell
• Found on the
top side of
leaves
Stomata
• Found on the
underside of
leaves
• They are tiny
openings that
allow water to
move in and out
the leaf.
Plant Tissue: Dermal
• Location: Outer
most layer of
tissue.
• Function:
Prevent water
loss and
protection
Leaf Venation:
• Net venation: veins are spread out
on the blade in a net. Like the
network of veins in our bodies.
• Parallel venation: veins are lined
side by side (parallel) on the blade.
Plant Responses: Phototropism*
• Plants response
to light.
• Leaves will bend
toward the light
to maximum
photosynthesis.
Gravitropism
• Plants response
to gravity
• Positive
Gravitropism:
Roots grow down
• Negative
Gravitropism:
Stems grow
against gravity
Thigmotropism
• Plants
response
to touch
•
Life: Plants 4:00