Transcript Cell Energy - Cobb Learning

Warm Up
• Photosynthesis Prediction Cards
– Using the cards, work with a partner to predict the
process of photosynthesis from beginning to end.
Chocolate Chip Cookies
Ingredients:
Directions:
2 1/4 cups all-purpose flour
1 teaspoon baking soda
1 teaspoon salt
1 cup (2 sticks) butter, softened
3/4 cup granulated sugar
3/4 cup packed brown sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
2 large eggs
2 cups (12-oz. pkg.) semi-sweet
chocolate chips
1 cup chopped nuts
PREHEAT oven to 375° F.
COMBINE flour, baking soda and salt in
small bowl. Beat butter, granulated sugar,
brown sugar and vanilla extract in large
mixer bowl until creamy. Add eggs, one at
a time, beating well after each addition.
Gradually beat in flour mixture. Stir in
morsels and nuts. Drop by rounded
tablespoon onto ungreased baking sheets.
BAKE for 9 to 11 minutes or until golden
brown. Cool on baking sheets for 2
minutes; remove to wire racks to cool
completely.
Let’s Think About the Recipe
• What are the ingredients (raw materials)?
• What is being made (products)?
• What provides the energy for the change to
take place?
• Did any of the ingredients disappear or get
lost during the process?
Cell Energy
Photosynthesis & Respiration
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Cell Energy Foldable
Cell Energy
Energy
• All living things need energy to
– Live
– Grow
– Reproduce
• Plants (producers/autotrophs)
– Get energy from the sun which they use to make
food
• Animals (consumers/heterotrophs)
– Get energy from their food
Photosynthesis
• The process by autotrophs use sunlight,
carbon dioxide, and water to make food.
• Pigments:
– Molecules that absorb light energy
– Chlorophyll (“fills” chloroplasts)
• Main pigment of photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts
- in the leaves of the plant.
Raw Materials (“Ingredients”)
• Carbon dioxide
– Taken into the plant through the stomata
• Water
– Taken into the plant through the roots
Stomata
Energy
• Sunlight
– Absorbed by the chlorophyll in the chloroplasts.
– Provides the energy to change the raw materials
into the products of photosynthesis.
Products
• Food
– Glucose (a carbohydrate)
– Stored by the plant
• Oxygen
– Released out of the plant through the stomata.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O
carbon + water
dioxide
RAW MATERIALS
Light energy
sunlight
C6H12O6 + 6O2
glucose + oxygen
PRODUCTS
NOVA - Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis – “Hands” Summary
Write a brief sentence in each finger to answer the following
questions. Your answers should be written in the hand
location identified below.
Left Palm—definition of photosynthesis.
Left Pinky Finger—Where does photosynthesis occur in a
plant cell?
Left Ring Finger—Why does photosynthesis occur?
Left Middle Finger—What is the chemical equation (words)
of photosynthesis?
Left Pointer Finger—What are the raw materials of
photosynthesis?
Left Thumb—What are the products of photosynthesis?
* Color the hand GREEN when you finish. *
Got Food! Now What?
• Autotrophs
– Perform photosynthesis to make food
• Heterotrophs
– Eat food
Cellular Respiration
• Respiration (breathing) provides the oxygen
needed for cellular respiration, and removes
carbon dioxide.
• (Cellular) respiration – the process by which
cells use oxygen to produce energy from food
– In eukaryotes, takes place in the mitochondria.
Cellular Respiration
• In animals…
– Most of the energy from cellular respiration is
used to maintain body heat.
– The rest is used to form ATP (adenosine
triphosphate) – which supplies energy for the cells
activities.
• ATP = energy
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
Raw
Materials
Products
This is known as aerobic respiration – it requires oxygen!
• aero = air/oxygen
The Connection
Between
Photosynthesis
&
Respiration
Comparing Photosynthesis &
Respiration
• They have “opposite” equations
– The products of one are the raw materials of the
other.
Fermentation
• Some cells are able to obtain energy without
oxygen.
– Anaerobic respiration
• An = without
aero = air/oxygen
• Fermentation – an energy-releasing process
that does not require oxygen.
– Provides energy for cells without using oxygen
– Less energy is released than in aerobic respiration
Fermentation
• 2 types
– Alcoholic fermentation
• Yeasts
• Alcohol, carbon dioxide & small amount of energy are
produced
• Carbon dioxide causes bread to rise
– Lactic-Acid fermentation
• Occurs in muscle cells when you are working your
muscles very hard.
• Build up of lactic acid
– Causes muscles to feel weak, tired, & sore