Transcript the fungus among us - WHS-Rambo-Wiki

THE FUNGUS AMONG US
KINGDOM FUNGI
More than just Mushrooms…
• Mushrooms
– Club: Typical
shape of
“mushroom,”
with spores on
gills
More than just Mushrooms…
• Mushrooms
– Club
– Cup: Spores
are in cup
instead of gills
More than just Mushrooms…
• Mushrooms
• Molds
– Often found on
food and
decaying plant
material
More than just Mushrooms…
• Mushrooms
• Molds
• Yeasts
– Unicellular
fungi, reproduces
by budding
More than just Mushrooms…
• Mushrooms
• Molds
• Yeast
• Lichens
– Grow on rocks
and wood, a
combination of a
fungus and
cyanobacteria
CAP
RING (ANNULUS)
SCALES
GILLS
STALK (STIPE)
CUP (VOLVA)
MYCELLIUM (HYPHAE)
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
STRUCTURE
Cap
Gills
Stalk or Stipe
Spore
Hyphae
Mycellium
FUNCTION
Covers and protects the gills
Contains hyphae that produce spores
Supports the Cap
Cell that develops into a new
organism
Threadlike structure built of fungal
cells
Body of fungus (except spores)
made of tangled hyphae
ROLES OF FUNGI:
• Decomposition
– Organic material is recycled by
bacteria and fungi. It is broken down
into its original components like
Carbon and Nitrogen
ROLES OF FUNGI:
• Decomposition
– Example: Pilobolus fungi
decomposes dung of grazing
animals. Unique for its ability to
“aim” at the light and “shoot” its
spore packet so it will land on grass
and be eaten by another grazing
animal. The entire life cycle is then
repeated
Pilobolus
ROLES OF FUNGI:
• Symbiosis
• Mycorrhizal Fungi: Symbiotic
fungi that live in or around roots of
plants. They get food (sugar) from
the plant in exchange for water
and nutrients
• It is estimated that 99.9% of all
plants have a fungal partner
Mycorrhizal Fungi
Benefits of a Fungal Partner
ROLES OF FUNGI:
• Pathogens
• Some fungi are parasitic, causing
damage or death to plants, animals, and
even other fungi
• Can cause severe damage to many crop
plants including corn, wheat, potatoes,
and fruits
Harmful Fungi
Harmful Fungi
Harmful Fungi
Harmful Fungi
ROLES OF FUNGI:
Medicines
– Penicillin:
Alexander
Fleming
discovered that
mold could kill
bacteria in 1928.
During WWII
(1940’s) the drug
we know today
was developed
• Food
ROLES OF FUNGI:
– Several
Mushrooms are
used in our
food
– Specialty
Cheeses like
Blue Cheese,
Brie, etc.
– Bread, Beer,
and Wine are
made with
yeast