Transcript Chapter 5 The Cell In Action

Calliope
Chapter 5
The Cell In Action
Section 1
Cell Energy
Key Concept
► All
cells need
energy to carry out
cell functions.
However, cells may
obtain and process
energy in different
ways.
Why Do You Get Hungry?
Why Do You Get Hungry?
► 1.
Body’s way of telling you that your cells need
energy.
► 2. Plants cells get their energy from the sun.
► 3. Animal cells get their energy from food.
From Sun to Cell
1.
2.
3.
4.
Nearly all energy that fuels life comes from
the sun.
Photosynthesis is the process by which
plants absorb energy from the sun and use
it to make food.
The food that plants make gives them
energy.
This food then becomes a source of
energy for those who eat the plants (Us
and Animals).
From Sun to Cell
Activity: Create your own Cycle
Energy Cycle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Sun graphic
Plant graphic
Animal graphic
Human graphic
Cut out and glue near the top of page 104.
Write a paragraph explaining your energy
cycle below it.
Photosynthesis
Plant cells have
molecules called
pigments that absorb
light energy.
2. Chlorophyll is the
main pigment used in
photosynthesis.
3. Chlorophyll is found
in chloroplasts.
1.
Photosynthesis
4. Plants cannot use the
energy from the sun
directly.
5. Instead, they use the
energy to convert
carbon dioxide and
water into food.
6. A plant’s food is
glucose, a simple
sugar.
Photosynthesis
7. Glucose can then be stored and used by the
plant’s cells.
8. Photosynthesis also produces oxygen.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
Activity: Leaf
► Refer
to the tab on the website
Activity: Photosynthesis Visual and
Accordion
1.
Photosynthesis Visual
1. Add color to the visual
2. Cut out and fold top tab
3. Tape towards the top of page 90
2.
Photosynthesis Accordion
1.
2.
3.
4.
Color and add words to describe the pictures on the tabs
Cut out the solid black lines
Fold along the dotted lines so that it forms an accordion
Glue left-hand side onto page 90 behind Photosynthesis Visual
Getting Energy from Food
Animal cells cannot
make their own food.
2. Animals must eat to
get food.
3. Food must be broken
down by an
organism’s cells in
order to free the
energy.
1.
Getting Energy from Food
4. Plant and animal cells must break down
food in order to get the energy.
5. Cells can break down food in two ways:
1st. Cellular respiration – a process that
uses oxygen.
2nd. Fermentation – a process that
does not use oxygen.
Cellular Respiration
1.
2.
3.
4.
The word respiration means “breathing,”
but cellular respiration is different.
It is a chemical process that happens in
cells.
Takes place mostly in the mitochondria.
Food is broken down with O2 and H2O and
energy is freed.
Cellular Respiration
6. Most of the freed
energy is used to keep
a constant body
temperature.
7. Some energy is used
to form ATP, which
can be used by the cell
later.
Cellular Respiration
Activity: Let Me Ask You…
► Place
your answers to the following questions
directly onto page 110. Include a graphic as
part of your answer for 3 out of the 5
questions. Write down the question as well.
 How do animals get energy?
 What is the difference between cellular
respiration and fermentation?
 Where does cellular respiration take place?
 What is food broken down into?
 What is the energy released from food used
for?
Activity: Interdependence
Color the Interdependence Foldable
1. Cut out and glue top of tab on top of page 122
2. Underneath the tab, describe the illustration and
how all of the living things are dependent upon
each other.
2. Factors in an ecosystem…
1. Illustrate an example of a biotic factor and an
abiotic factor
2. Cut out and glue top of tab on bottom of page
122
3. Underneath the tab, explain what biotic and
abiotic mean and how your illustrations relate to
those concepts.
1.
Connection Between Photosynthesis
and Respiration
►
Summing it up:
1. Photosynthesis changes CO2 and H2O into
glucose.
2. The process also releases O2.
3. During cellular respiration, cells use O2 to
break down glucose and free energy and CO2.
4. Each process makes the materials that are
needed for the other process to occur.
Fermentation
► Have
you ever had a burning feeling in your
leg muscles while you were running?
Fermentation
Alternative method
cells can use to get
energy.
2. One kind of
fermentation takes
place in your muscles
and makes lactic acid.
3. The buildup of lactic
acid leads to muscle
fatigue and a burning
feeling.
1.
Fermentation
4. This kind of
fermentation also
happens in the muscle
cells of other animals
and in some fungi and
bacteria.
Activity: Fermentation Timeline
► Use
the Timeline Template to plot out 4 key
events in the process of Fermentation. Cut it out
and glue vertically in the center of page 114.
► For each of the key events, you need both a
written description and a graphic:
 Event 1: A sport that requires extreme physical
endurance.
 Event 2: Body undergoing Cell Respiration to fuel
performance in sport.
 Event 3: Body switching over to Fermentation because
you cannot keep up with the oxygen demand for Cell
Respiration.
 Event 4: Side affects from body resulting to
Fermentation for too long.
Activity: Don’t Forget to Ferment
►
Using the Half-book foldable, you will:
1. On the tab side, illustrate an example of when
fermentation can affect you (physical activity).
2. Cut out and glue top of tab side-ways on page
124.
3. Underneath the tab explain your illustration
and how your body might switch to
fermentation in some cases.