Transcript Cell Theory Powerpoint (covered in class on 11/3/15)

History of Cell Discovery
Microscope view of cells
► Robert
Hooke – first to see cells! (1663)
►Named
them “cells” because they look like
monk quarters.
►Latin term 'cellula' means small compartment.
►Only
observed cell walls because cork cells are dead.
Cells with stone beds
Microscope view of cells
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek – first to observe
living cells (1675).
Bacteria, protozoa, and blood cells
Called them "animalicules"
► Made over 500 microscopes, of which only 10
survive today.
200X
(single lens) monocular microscopes
Scientists of Cell Theory
► Mattias
Schleiden – botanist who observed
that the tissues of plants had cells (1838)
►
1838, Schwann and Schleiden were enjoying
coffee and talking about their studies on cells.
When Schwann heard Schleiden describe
plant cells he was struck by the similarity of
these plant cells to animal cells he had observed.
The two scientists went immediately to Schwann's lab to
look at his slides.
Scientists of Cell Theory
► Theodore
Schwann – zoologist who
observed that the tissues of animals had
cells (1839).
►
He coined the term metabolism.
►
He formulated the basic principles of
embryology.
 the egg is a single cell that eventually
develops into a complete organism.
►
He also isolated a substance responsible for digestion in
the stomach, the first enzyme and named it pepsin.
Scientists of Cell Theory
► Rudolf
Virchow – reported the correct
interpretation of cell formation.
► "Omnis cellula e cellula"... “
 All cells only arise from pre-existing cells".
Cell Theory
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
All known living things are composed (made of) of
one or more cells.
The cell is the smallest unit of life.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
All cells carry on similar functions, such as
extracting energy from food to sustain life.
All cells contain hereditary information.
Terms
► Cell
– the smallest unit that can
carry on the processes of life.
► Unicellular
cell
– consists of only one
► Multicellular
– consists of more
than one cell
Basic cell Structures
► Cell
Membrane –
outer boundary
► Nucleus – control
center
► Cytoplasm – stuff
between membrane
& nucleus
Two Basic Cell Types
►Prokaryotic
– lacks internal organelles.
 Has a cell membrane & a cell wall
 Has NO nucleus.
►Means
“before the nucleus”
 Usually Unicellular organisms
 Ex: Bacteria
Two Basic Cell Types
►Eukaryotic
– contains organelles.
 Has a nucleus
 Has a cell membrane
 Usually multicellular organisms
 Ex: Plants, animals, and protists