Transcript Job - Cloudfront.net

Three Sections of the Cell
• All cells take in food,
rid waste, reproduce
• 3 main sections
–1) Nucleus
–2) Cytoplasm
–3) Plasma Membrane
Cytoplasm
• Jelly-like
material inside
of the cell
• Most
organelles float
within
• Job: Allow
chemical
reactions to
take place
•
•
•
•
Aka: Cell Membrane
Job: Allow materials to enter/exit
Composition: Lipids & proteins
Semi-Permeable: only specific materials may
enter and exit through pores & protein channels
• Job: Controls cell activity
• Inside:
1) Chromatin
• long strands of DNA
• DNA holds info to
make proteins
2) Nucleolus: makes
ribosomes
• Aka: ER
• Rough ER: Tunnel system that transports
ribosomes and proteins
• Smooth ER: makes fats & breaks down toxins
(no ribosomes)
• Created by nucleolus
• Transported by the rough ER
• Job: make proteins
• Job: Package and transport proteins out of the cell
• Protein Creation Process Review
1) Nucleolus makes a ribosome
2) Ribosome makes protein & travels through rough
ER
3) Golgi Body packages the protein into a vesicle
and exports them
Golgi Body in action
Vesicle expels the proteins
(blue dots) from the cell
Golgi body is placing proteins (yellow
dots) into protective vesicles
Do Now Activity
Place the following steps of protein creation in order
from start to finish….
A: Golgi body packages and exports the finished
proteins in a vesicle
B: Ribosomes travel along the rough ER and create
proteins
C: Nucleolus makes ribosomes
D: Ribosomes exit the nucleus
• Powerhouse
• Job: Create ATP (energy
molecule) in a process
called cellular respiration
• Endosymbiosis theory:
were once free living
organisms that became
parts of modern cells
– Evidence:
• Own DNA &
ribosomes
• Make proteins
• Replicate
• Contain digestive
enzymes
• Functions:
1) Kill bacteria
2) Autolysis: Destroy
dying cell
3) Break down food
• Used in movement
• Cilia = short hair-like extensions (numerous)
• Flagella = long whip-like extension (very few)
That one magical night, sperm cells
swam with the aid of a flagellum!
• Outermost layer of
plant, fungi, & bacteria
cells
• Job: Adds support to
growing plants
• Made of tough cellulose
– Hard to digest
• Witnessed by Robert
Hooke in 1665
Cell membrane
• Job: Perform
photosynthesis
• Chlorophyll molecules
absorb & convert
sunlight into glucose
(sugar)
CO2 + H2O + sunlight  Sugar + O2
• Endosymbiosis theory:
were once free living
organisms that became
parts of modern cells
– Evidence: Own DNA,
own ribosomes, make
proteins, replicate
A
B
C
• Job: Stores food, water, waste, color pigments
• Plant cells: Large central vacuole
• Animal cells: Scattered smaller vacuoles
Review
1) Pick an organelle…any organelle. Describe its function.
2) Name 7 organelles that can be found within the cytoplasm.
3) Describe the pathway that proteins travel from creation to
exportation.
4) List various reasons to help support the theory of
endosymbiosis.
5) Name two organelles that plant cells have an animal cells do
not.
6) Which organelle creates ATP energy for cells?
7) Which organelle converts sunlight into sugar?
8) Which organelle creates ribosomes?
9) Which organelle fuses with the cell membrane to release
proteins?
10)Which molecule holds the information to make a protein?