Transcript EOCT practice Domain I: Cells

EOCT practice Domain I:
Cells
1. Cells use passive and active transport to
move materials across cell membranes in
order to maintain a constant internal
environment. What is the process of
maintaining a constant internal environment
called?
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A diffusion
B evolution
C homeostasis
D respiration
2. Of the following, which is
considered a living
organism?
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A bacterium
B mitochondrion
C nucleus
D sperm
3. Which of the following
examples illustrates
osmosis?
• A Water leaves the tubules of the kidney in response to
the hypertonic fluid surrounding the tubules.
• B Digestive enzymes are excreted into the small
intestine.
• C White blood cells consume pathogens and cell debris
at the site of an infection.
• D Calcium is pumped inside a muscle cell after the
muscle completes its contraction
4. Which of the following is
NOT considered to be living?
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A bacteria
B viruses
C amoeba
D yeast
5. Unlike prokaryotic cells,
eukaryotic cells have the
capacity to
• A assemble into multicellular organisms
• B establish symbiotic relationships with other
organisms
• C obtain energy from the Sun
• D store genetic information in the form of DNA
Answers 1-5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
C
A
A
B
A
6. If placed in a hypertonic
solution, a plant cell will
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A swell
B burst
C shrink in size
D remain constant in size
7. As represented in the diagram below,
bacteria have cell walls like plant cells do.
Unlike the plant cell walls, however, the
bacterial cell wall is made of which of the
following?
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A cellulose and starches
B chitin and fats
C sugars and amino acids
D cellulose and sugars
8. A type of cell that can exist in
a broad range of environmental
conditions, can rapidly multiply,
and lacks a nucleus is known as
what type of cell?
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A animal
B eukaryotic
C plant
D prokaryotic
9. The function of the cell
organelle circled below is to
produce energy. What is the
name of this organelle?
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A Golgi apparatus
B mitochondrion
C nucleus
D ribosome
10. The drawing below illustrates a small
portion of the molecules that make up a cell
membrane. The phospholipid molecules serve to
• A help cells recognize each other
• B allow glucose molecules into
the cell
• C prevent the passage of certain
molecules into the cell
• D line up amino acids for protein
synthesis
Answers 6-10
6. C
7. C
8. D
9. B
10. C
11. Homeostasis is the maintenance of
stable conditions within the body. Which
of the following is a method of
maintaining homeostasis in the human
body?
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A working in air conditioning
B shivering when cold
C eating balanced meals
D sleeping regularly
12. Water (H2O) is an example
of a molecule whose atoms are
held together by which of the
following?
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A covalent bonds
B ionic bonds
C metallic bonds
D hydrogen bonds
13. As illustrated below, the molecules of
many membranes are arranged with their polar
heads to the outside and their nonpolar tails to
the inside. With this arrangement, where would
you MOST likely find water molecules?
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A A only
B B only
C C only
D A and C
14. The movement of materials
across a plasma membrane
through a protein is called
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A facilitated transport
B diffusion
C active transport
D osmosis
15. The graph shows a growth curve for a
population of Paramecium grown in a
laboratory culture. What is the
approximate carrying capacity for this
population of Paramecium under these
conditions?
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A 500 Paramecium/mL
B 700 Paramecium/mL
C 900 Paramecium/mL
D 1100 Paramecium/mL
Answers 11-15
11. B
12. A
13. D
14. A
15. C
16. Eukaryotic DNA is contained
within the
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cell wall
Central vacuole
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
17. Inside eukaryotic cells are
membrane bound structures
called…
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B.
C.
D.
Cell walls
Cilia
Organelles
cytoplasm
18. The net movement of particles
from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower
concentration is known as…
A.
B.
C.
D.
Diffusion
Exocytosis
Plasmolysis
Active transport
19. The area into which a substrate
fits on an enzyme is called the…
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B.
C.
D.
Active site
Product
Peptide bond
Covalent bond
20. The assembly of proteins in a
cell takes place in the
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A nucleus
B vacuoles
C cytoplasm
D mitochondria
Answers 16-20
16. C
17. C
18. A
19. B
20. C
21. Which of the following is an
organism whose cell(s) lack(s)
membrane-bound organelles?
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A nucleolus
B chromatin
C eukaryote
D prokaryote
22. In all reptiles, birds, and
mammals, the processes of
excretion, water and salt
balance, and the regulation of pH
in body fluids are controlled by
the kidneys. This is an example
of the organism maintaining
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A reabsorption
B homeostasis
C insulation
D hibernation
23. Proteins are long chains
or polymers made up of
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A nucleotides
B carbohydrates
C amino acids
D lipids
24. Which of the following
molecules provides the greatest
amount of energy per gram of
mass when metabolized?
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A carbohydrate
B nucleic acid
C protein
D lipid
25. Which of the following
environmental changes can
cause an increase in the rates
of reactions in cells?
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A increased temperature
B decreased enzyme concentrations
C increase activation energy requirement
D decreased diffusion rates
Answers 21-25
21. D
22. B
23. C
24. D
25. A