Transcript Unit 9 Lesson 1

Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Florida Benchmarks
• SC.8.N.1.1 Define a problem from the eighth
grade curriculum using appropriate reference
materials to support scientific understanding, plan
and carry out scientific investigations of various
types, such as systematic observations or
experiments, identify variables, collect and
organize data, interpret data in charts, tables, and
graphics, analyze information, make predictions,
and defend conclusions.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Florida Benchmarks
• SC.8.L.18.1 Describe and investigate the process
of photosynthesis, such as the roles of light,
carbon dioxide, water and chlorophyll; production
of food; release of oxygen.
• SC.8.L.18.2 Describe and investigate how cellular
respiration breaks down food to provide energy
and releases carbon dioxide.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Florida Benchmarks
• LA.6.4.2.2 The student will record information
(e.g., observations, notes, lists, charts, legends)
related to a topic, including visual aids to organize
and record information and include a list of
sources used.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Energize!
How do the cells in an organism
function?
• Cells must capture and use energy or they will
die.
• Without energy, living things cannot replace cells,
build body parts, or reproduce.
• Food contains chemical energy cells need to carry
out life processes.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
How do the cells in an organism
function?
• Producers make their own food. Most make food
from the sun. Some use chemicals to make food.
• Consumers must eat other living things to get
food. They may eat producers or other
consumers.
• Decomposers get energy by breaking down dead
organisms and wastes.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Cooking with Chloroplasts
How do plant cells make food?
• Photosynthesis is a process in plants that uses
energy from the sun, carbon dioxide, and water to
make sugars.
• Oxygen is released into the air during
photosynthesis.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
How do plant cells make food?
• Photosynthesis takes place in organelles called
chloroplasts.
• A green pigment called chlorophyll in
chloroplasts captures energy from sunlight.
• Energy is combined with carbon dioxide and water
to form the sugar glucose and oxygen gas.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
How do plant cells make food?
• 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
• Glucose stores chemical energy, and plants store
glucose.
• When organisms eat plants, they use the stored
sugars for energy.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
How do plant cells make food?
• What occurs in the organelle shown below?
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Mighty Mitochondria
How do cells get energy from food?
• Energy in sugars is stored in a molecule called
adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
• Cellular respiration is the process of breaking
down food to produce ATP.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
How do cells get energy from food?
• Cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm
and cell membranes of prokaryotic cells.
• In eukaryotes, cellular respiration takes place in
organelles called mitochondria.
• Glucose is first broken down into two 3-carbon
molecules in the cytoplasm, releasing energy.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
How do cells get energy from food?
• Oxygen then enters the cell and travels to the
mitochondria.
• As the 3-carbon molecules are broken down,
energy is captured and stored as ATP.
• The products of cellular respiration are ATP,
carbon dioxide, and water.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
How do cells get energy from food?
• In many animals, carbon dioxide is carried to the
lungs to be released during breathing.
• Some of the energy produced during cellular
respiration is released as heat.
• Much of the energy produced is transferred to ATP.
• C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
How do cells get energy from food?
• What is the role of mitochondria during cellular
respiration?
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Merry-Go-Round
How are photosynthesis and cellular
respiration connected?
• Plants need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis,
and they release oxygen.
• Cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide but
needs oxygen to work.
• Photosynthesis and respiration are linked, each
depending on the products of the other.
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Unit 9 Lesson 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Out of Air
• Anaerobic respiration can occur without oxygen if
there is not enough oxygen.
• Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration
used by yeasts.
• The body uses anaerobic respiration during hard
exercise. The lactic acid produced makes muscles
sore.
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