Transcript Document

Delivery:
Attending to Eyes and Ears
Gary Nakamura
ENG 307 / J. Zuern
DELIVERY
Speak Slowly & Clearly
DELIVERY: Overview
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Background on Delivery
Oral Delivery
Written Delivery
Visual Rhetoric
“Cyberrhetors”
Key Terms
 Speech versus Writing
 For ancient rhetors, spoken discourse more powerful
and persuasive than written discourse; and
 Not fashionable to do ones own writing
 Modern rhetoric opts for a “set format” for
compositions (style, grammar, etc.) where delivery is
more in the arrangement and style of the discourse
 Gesture
 Persuasive facial or bodily movement
Key Terms
 Punctuation
 Graphic marks used to represent features of
spoken language in writing
Background on Delivery
 Discourse was primarily composed to be
spoken
 Voice, and gestures
Oral Delivery
 Audience listens to the voice of the rhetor
and watches the rhetor’s facial and bodily
gestures
 Verbal Delivery: volume, tone, pace, and length
 Gestures: appropriate to the rhetorical situation
 Eye Contact
 Natural and Spontaneous
Written Delivery
 Editing
 Last stage of the composing process
 Attending to the “ear” of the audience, making
a discourse accessible and pleasant to read
Written Delivery
 “Correctness Rules”
 Usage
 “the customary ways in which things are done
within written discourse.”
 “the conventions of written English that allows
Americans to discriminate against one another.”
Written Delivery
 The rhetorical function of PUNCTUATION
 Marks that mimic pauses, stops, and connections of
speech
 Internal Pauses
 Marks that appear inside punctuated sentences (339)
 Comma, semicolon, colon, dash
 External Pauses
 Punctuation used to mark the beginnings and ends of
sentences (339)
 Capital letter, period, question mark, exclamation point,
indentation (paragraphs, headers)
Visual Rhetoric
 Ocular Demonstration
 “…when an event is so described in words that
the business seems to be enacted and the
subject to pass vividly before our eyes” (ad
Herennium)
Visual Rhetoric
 Presentation
 How a manuscript looks
 Font types
 Serif type: more reader-friendly, traditional, formal
 Sans serif type: contemporary
 Certain fonts can be symbolically charged
 MEET HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS
 MEET HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS
 Meet Holocaust Survivors
Visual Rhetoric
 Presentation (continued)
 Typeface and style:
 Stay consistent
 Recognize correlation of size to importance
Visual Rhetoric
 Picture theory
 Combination of pictures and text to portray a message or promote
a product or service
“Cyberrhetors”
 Canons of ancient rhetoric and New Media
 “Old Delivery Systems” and “New Delivery
Systems”
 Bolter and Grusin:
 Remediation: replacing or combining an old
delivery system with a new one
 News in the newspaper (old media) and the Web
(new media)
DELIVERY: Conclusion
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Background on Delivery
Oral Delivery
Written Delivery
Visual Rhetoric
“Cyberrhetors”