Transcript Chemistry Simulations

Chemistry Simulations
Table of Contents: SOLs
CH.1 The student will investigate and understand that
experiments in which variables are measured,
analyzed, and evaluated produce observations and
verifiable data.
CH.2 The student will investigate and understand that
the placement of elements on the periodic table is a
function of their atomic structure.
CH.3 The student will investigate and understand how
conservation of energy and matter is expressed in
chemical formulas and balanced equations.
CH.4 The student will investigate and understand that
quantities in a chemical reaction are based on molar
relationships.
CH.5 The student will investigate and understand that
the phases of matter are explained by kinetic theory
and forces of attraction between particles.
CH.1 The student will investigate and understand that experiments in which variables
are measured, analyzed, and evaluated produce observations and verifiable data.
Key concepts include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
designated laboratory techniques;
safe use of chemicals and equipment;
proper response to emergency situations;
manipulation of multiple variables, using repeated trials;
accurate recording, organization, and analysis of data through
repeated trials;
mathematical and procedural error analysis;
mathematical manipulations (SI units, scientific notation, linear
equations, graphing, ratio and proportion, significant digits,
dimensional analysis);
use of appropriate technology including computers, graphing
calculators, and probeware, for gathering data and
communicating results; and
construction and defense of a scientific viewpoint (the nature
of science).
SOLs
Virtual Chemistry Lab
http://www.chemcollective.org/vlab/vlab.php
In this virtual chemistry lab, cabinets are opened full of chemicals and lab-ware.
Chemicals can be mixed together, heated, poured from one container to another,
and specific information about chemical properties is displayed. As solutions are
heated, you can see the pH values change. There is a very helpful Help Menu.
This is a professionally done site, funded by the National Science Foundation.
SOLs
Spectrometer
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/pr
opOfSoln/spec203.html
This simulation allows students to use a spectrometer without needing to have
an actual spectrometer. They can zero the spectrometer with distilled water, they
can change the wavelength and the molarity of the sample, and the can graph
this data.
SOLs
Separation Lab
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/mixture/mixture.html
Apply knowledge of physical properties to try your hand at separating the
substances in several mixtures.
SOLs
CH.2 The student will investigate and understand that the
placement of elements on the periodic table is a
function of their atomic structure. The periodic table is
a tool used for the investigations of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
average atomic mass, mass number, and atomic number;
isotopes, half lives, and radioactive decay;
mass and charge characteristics of subatomic particles;
families or groups;
series and periods;
trends including atomic radii, electronegativity, shielding effect,
and ionization energy;
electron configurations, valence electrons, and oxidation
numbers;
chemical and physical properties; and
historical and quantum models.
SOLs
Periodic Table and Electron
Configuration
http://www.chemcollective.org/applets/pertable.php
Click on any element and the name, symbol, atomic number and atomic mass
are given. A graphical plot of electron configurations will be displayed as well.
SOLs
Periodic Table, Isotopes and Half
Life
http://www.chemicalelements.com/
Click on any element and you will be given information about the element,
including the isotopes and their half lives. You will also be given facts about the
element, such as when it was discovered.
SOLs
Atomic Structure
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/atom/#
In this interactive simulation, an atom is built from the quark up. As up and down
quarks are combined to make protons or neutrons, they can be dragged into the
atomic structure and placed appropriately. Electrons can be dragged and placed
in the appropriate electron shell.
SOLs
Atomic Models
http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Models_of_the_Hydrogen_Atom
In this simulation, particles are shot at a hydrogen atom. The experiment shows
what happens in real life. If you change to the experiment, you can test how the
Billiard Ball, Plum Pudding, Solar System, Bohr, deBroglie, and Schrödinger models
react when the particles are shot at the hydrogen atom.
SOLs
Nuclear Fission
http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Nuclear_Fission
Start a chain reaction, or introduce non-radioactive isotopes to prevent one. Control
energy production in a nuclear reactor! (Previously part of the Nuclear Physics
simulation - now there are separate Alpha Decay and Nuclear Fission sims.)
SOLs
CH.3 The student will investigate and understand how
conservation of energy and matter is expressed in
chemical formulas and balanced equations. Key
concepts include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
nomenclature;
balancing chemical equations;
writing chemical formulas (molecular, structural, and empirical;
and Lewis diagrams);
bonding types (ionic and covalent);
reaction types (synthesis, decomposition, single and double
replacement, oxidation-reduction, neutralization, exothermic,
and endothermic); and
reaction rates and kinetics (activation energy, catalysis, and
degree of randomness).
SOLs
Balancing Equations
http://funbasedlearning.com/chemistry/chembalancer/default.htm
This interactive game consists of 13 chemical equations that need balancing. If
you correctly balance each equation, you are rewarded with interesting element
factoids. If you do not balance the equation correctly, you are prompted to try
again. A student worksheet can be downloaded to accompany this website.
SOLs
Chemical Equation Construction
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/kits/kit_chemical_equation.html
This simulation gives the students a reaction and the students must come up
with the chemical equation in words and then in symbols. The students must
then balance the equation and finally, determine the state of each of the
reactants and products.
SOLs
Redox Titration
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/re
doxNew/redox.html
This simulation allows students to perform a titration of Redox reactions. After
performing the titration with a known concentration of the oxidizing agent, they
will be able to calculate the concentration of the reducing agent, and then check
their answer.
SOLs
Reactions and Rates
http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Reactions_and_Rates
This simulation allows the students to see how they can put energy into the
system to overcome the activation energy. They can increase the temperature
as well as the number of molecules. There is also a timer feature, so students
can measure how long it takes for a reaction to occur, and how the rate changes
when the temperature is changed.
SOLs
CH.4 The student will investigate and understand that
quantities in a chemical reaction are based on molar
relationships. Key concepts include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Avogadro’s principle and molar volume;
stoichiometric relationships;
partial pressure;
gas laws;
solution concentrations;
chemical equilibrium; and
acid/base theory: strong electrolytes, weak electrolytes, and
nonelectrolytes; dissociation and ionization; pH and pOH; and
the titration process.
SOLs
Acid-Base Titration
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/st
oichiometry/acid_base.html
This simulation allows the students to determine the acids and bases they will
use in the titration, as well as the indicator. The students can add the solutions
in large portions and dropwise. Once they have completed the titration, they can
calculate the molarity of the acid and check their answer.
SOLs
Electrolysis
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/el
ectroChem/electrolysis10.html
This simulations allows the students to explore how electrolysis works with
different metals, solutions, and voltages over time. The simulation allows the
students to see the movement of electrons and the change in mass of the
metals.
SOLs
Boyle’s Law
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/g
aslaw/boyles_law_graph.html
This simulation allows students to gather data on the volume and pressure of a
gas in the tube. Once the students have gathered this data, they can create a
graph to see how Boyle’s law is supported.
SOLs
Charles’ Law
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/g
aslaw/charles_law.html
This simulation allows the students to change the temperature and observe how
the volume changes, based on the change in temperature. While the student is
manipulating the temperature, a graph will be made showing how Charles’ law is
supported.
SOLs
Gas Properties
http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Gas_Properties
This simulation allows the students to set a constant parameter, either volume,
temperature or pressure, and then adjust one of the other parameters and
observe how the third parameter responds. The students can also time the
reaction or graph the kinetic energy and speed if the molecules.
SOLs
CH.5 The student will investigate and understand that the
phases of matter are explained by kinetic theory and
forces of attraction between particles. Key concepts
include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
pressure, temperature, and volume;
vapor pressure;
phase changes;
molar heats of fusion and vaporization;
specific heat capacity; and
colligative properties.
SOLs
Boiling Point Elevation and
Freezing Point Depression
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/pr
opOfSoln/colligative.html
This simulation allows the students to investigate what will happen to the
freezing point and boiling point of certain solvents when different solutes are
added. As the Kb, Kf, pure boiling point and pure freezing point, the students
can check the results mathematically.
SOLs
Melting and Boiling Point
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/hotplate/index.html
Run an experiment to make heating curves for three different substances. Then,
read each curve to determine the substances’ melting and boiling points.
SOLs
Specific Heat Capacity
http://employees.oneonta.edu/viningwj/sims/specific_heat_s.html
This simulation allows the students to calculate the specific heat capacity for
different substances. 250 Joules are added to the substance for a given amount
of time, and the students can use the change in temperature and the mass to
calculate the specific heat.
SOLs