Transcript Week 4…are we having fun yet?

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Haas, SMV projections
SKULL
cranial bones, facial bones
cranial bones
skull cap (calvarium)
cranial base (cranial floor)
8 cranial bones
name the bones
name landmarks on each bone
name articulation's with each bone
Special Attention to Temporal Bone
organs of hearing and balance
sections of ear
external
middle
inner
membranous
osseous
SKULL MORPHOLOGY
skull types
mesocephalic-medium
brachycephalic-broad
dolichocephalic-narrow
Know Degrees of petrous ridge and sagittal plane
SKULL TOPOGRAPHY
Know all palpable landmarks
inion
gonion
glabella
nasion
outer canthus
inner canthus
acanthion
supercilliary arches
mental point
TEA
EAM
aveolar process
widest part of skull
SOM
are there more?
Know all positioning planes:
MSP
OML-radiographic baseline
IMOL
GAL
GML
AML
MML
IPL
MCP
TEMPORAL BONE
anatomy
organs of hearing and balance
external ear
auricle, tragus, EAM
middle ear
tympanic membrane, attic, cavity,
auditory tube (Eustachian), passage to
nasopharynx, auditory ossicles, communication
pathways
inner ear
membranous labyrinth
osseous labyrinth
cochlea, vestibule, semi-circular canals
pathology
otosclerosis
acoustic neuroma
choleasteaoma
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 CR
25 degrees cephalad entering 1 1/2 “ below
occipital protuberance.
 CR
exits 1 ½” superior to nasion
9
11
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CR enters the MSP of the throat between angles of
mandible
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Passes through a point ¾”anterior to EAMS.
13
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Adequate penetration of
cranial base
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Equal distance from lateral
border of skull to condyles
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SI of mental protuberance
over anterior frontal bone
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Condyles anterior to
petrous ridges
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Symmetric petrosa
14
15
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Adequate penetration of
cranial base
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Equal distance from lateral
border of skull to condyles
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SI of mental protuberance
over anterior frontal bone
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Condlyes anterior to
petrous ridges
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Symmetric petrosae
21
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Skull fractures
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Neoplasms
o Metastases
• Osteolytic
• Osteoblastic
• Combo of both
o Linear
o Depressed
o Basal skull
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Gunshot wounds
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Multiple myeloma
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Pituitary Adenomas
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Paget’s Disease
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Subdural hematoma
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Acoustic neuroma
22
Skull fractures
• Basal Skull Fx: suggested by air fluid level in
sphenoid sinus, bleeding from ear or presence of
CSF
• Linear-Sharp translucent line, may be straight or angled,
may cross vascular grooves and cause sutural widening.
• Depressed- may have curvilinear dense edges,
serious, may require tangential projections
• ping pong fx-usually found in children, similar
to greenstick