Transcript 2. The Banda Ridges System - E

UNGEGN Asia South-East and Pacific South-West Divisional Meeting &
International Symposium on Geographical Names
Bali, Indonesia, August 4 & 5, 2009
Undersea Feature Names, Under the
Bluish of the Banda Sea, Eastern
Indonesia: its Influence of Human and
Cruise Names
By
K. Hardjawidjaksana; S. Lubis; T.A. Soeprapto;
E. Herawati; S. Marina; L. Gustiantini and A.W. Djaja
International Law of the Sea
 After the
International Law of the Sea
has been effective in 1994, Indonesia
becomes the biggest coastal country in
the world, having a marine territory of
about 2/3 of the whole Indonesian
territorial area, with total number of
islands is 17,504 and the total length of
coastal line is 94,623 km
Indonesian Archipelago
Plate Tectonic Framework of the
Indonesian Region
 Geologically Indonesian Archipelago
is
located at the junctions of plate movement;
Indian Ocean-Australian, Pacific Ocean and
Eurasian plates.
 This tectonics setting of plate boundary
produces a specific geodynamical evolution
in Indonesia and it’s a one of point which
may responsible for the morphological view
of undersea features in Indonesian
Archipelago.
PLATE TECTONIC FRAMEWORK IN
INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO
Eurasian Continental Plate
LEMPENG
SAMUDERA HINDIA
Indian-Australian oceanic Plate
NATIONAL PROJECT OF UNDERSEA
FEATURE IN INDONESIA
 Based
on (1) The Rule of The President of
Republic of Indonesia No. 112, 2006 about
National Team of Standardization of
Geographical names, and (2) Ministerial
Decree of Home Affairs No. 39, 2008 about
General Direction of Standardization of
Geographical Names, Marine Geological
Institute is become a member of National
Team and have responsible to conduct a
project in relation to undersea feature in
Indonesian Archipelago
Marine Geological Institute Project
 Starting
from the fiscal year of 2006 until now,
The Marine Geological Research and
Development Centre has conducted a project
namely Undersea Features Toponim of
Indonesian Waters. The purposes of this
project : to do data collecting, standardization
of writing, determination, collecting new
names, and data processing of geographical
names
Undersea Features Terminology
 Undersea
Feature is a part of the ocean
floor or seabed that has measure able
relief of is delimited by relief.
 If the sea is drained, then we can see the
relief of the sea floor or its morphology
just like the land relief, such as mountain,
volcano (cone), steep valley, abyssal
plain, trench, etc.
Undersea Feature under the Bluish of
the Banda Sea in Eastern Indonesia
 The
Banda Sea Region “Indo-Borderland
Marginal Sea”
1. The Banda Basin
2. The Banda Ridge System
3. The Sula Basin
4. Seamount in the Banda Sea.
 Eastern Indonesia Triple Junction “Snellius
II Triple Junction
 The Snellius Ridges
Indo-Borderland Marginal Basin
 The
Banda Sea region is is called an
“Indo-Borderland marginal basin” and
divided into three morphotectonic
provinces: (1) The Banda Basin as a
modified name for South Banda Basin: (2)
The Sula Basin as a modified name for
North Banda Basin; and (3) The Banda
Ridge System (Banda Ridges) for the
ridges and intervening basins that
separate the Banda and Sula Basins.
The Banda Sea Region “IndoBorderland Marginal Sea”
Sula Basin
Banda Ridges System
Banda Basin
1. The Banda Basin
 The
Banda Basin previously called the
South Banda Basin. This new name is
proposed by Prasetyo (1989) in order to
emphasize its unique tectonic
development with respect to the Banda
Ridges in the central Banda Sea Region,
and the Sula Basin, which has previously
called the North Banda Basin
 The Banda Basin divided into Wetar Basin
to the west and Damar Basin to the east
The Banda Basin
Banda Ridges System
Banda Basin
2. The Banda Ridges System
 The
Banda Ridges System is a submarine
geomorphic element within the Banda Sea
and located at the central of the Banda
Sea Region
 The Banda Ridges separate two deep
basins which are greater than 5000 m
deep: the Sula Basin lies north of the
ridges and the Banda Basin to the south
2. The Banda Ridges System
 Undersea
feature which are included
within the entire of the Banda Ridges are:
Palapa Ridge, Palapa Trough, Rama
Trough, Rama Ridges, Lucipara Basin,
Lucipara Ridges, Sinta Ridge, AmbalauAmbon Trough, Ambalau Ridge, Pisang
Basin, Pisang Ridge, Citra Ridge and
Hamilton Ridge.
2. The Banda Ridges System
 These
undersea features named by the
marine geologists of Hawaii University on
board during the Sinta Expedition by using
R.V. Kana Keoki and Marine geologist of
Scripps Institution of Oceanographic on
board of The Rama 12 Expedition by using
R.V. Thomas Washington in 1983
(Prasetyo, 1989)
2. The Banda Ridges System
 The
name of Lucipara Ridges and Rama
Ridges is comes from the names of island
Lucipara and the names of the Rama
Expedition in 1983. Its similar for undersea
feature of the Rama Trough.
 The Sinta Ridges names from the names
of Sinta Expedition in the Banda Sea in
1983. Both of names Rama and Sinta
have the other meanings which are from a
couple of family in the story of Wayang.
2. The Banda Ridges System
 Hamilton
Ridge is located at the southwest
of the Banda Ridges System
 Hamilton is a geologist, who work in
Indonesia for several years and he
published a Tectonics Map of the
Indonesian Region in 1979.
2. The Banda Ridges System
3. The Sula Basin or the North
Banda Basin
 The
Sula basin lies in northwest region of
the Banda Sea, has a triangular shaped
marginal sea surrounds by continental
fragments of Sinta Ridge and Buru Island
 Several prominent topographic expression
were found at the edge of Sula Basin,
these are West Buru Deep, Bajo Basin,
Tukang Besi Trough, Buton Trough and
Tolo Trough
3. The Sula Basin or the North Banda
Basin
Seamount in the Banda Sea need
to be name
 Seamounts
are scattered over the
Banda Sea, their concentration is
associated with the general Banda Arc
trending of Eastern Indonesia. It is
due to the collision between the
Australian Continent and the Banda
Arc system. They are need to be
names.
4. Seamounts in the Banda Sea
Komba Ridges
 During
the Bandamin I and II
project in the north of Lomblen
Island, submarine volcanoes are
shown in the bathymetric survey
and namely Abang Komba, Ibu
Komba and Baruna Komba and
called as Komba Ridges.(Sarmili,
et al., 2004)
Komba Ridges
 The
name of Baruna is from the first name
of the research vessel of Baruna Jaya II,
which are used during the expedition in
the North Banda Sea and the named of
Komba is island names which are
composed by volcano in the Banda Sea,
and name of Ibu and Abang in Komba
Ridges have meaning of Mother and
Brother of volcanic activity in the Banda
Sea.
Komba Ridges
Komba Ridges
Seamount in the Banda Sea need
to be name
Eastern Indonesia Triple Junction
“Snellius II Triple Junction”
 The
most significant features from the new
evidence in EITJ are: (1) The presence of
a north-south elongated ridge, and named
the Kuenen Ridge by Jongsma et al., in
1989, after the marine geologist on the
Snellius I Expedition Ph.H. Kuenen, who
greatly enhanced our understanding of the
geology of the sea basins in eastern part
of the archipelago, and of marine geology
in general.
Eastern Indonesia Triple Junction
“Snellius II Triple Junction”
 (2)
Kai Trough is located to the west of
Keunen Ridge with a narrow 1600 m deep
submarine valley. (3) Nautilus Trough is a
small flat floored basin bifurcated with Kai
Trough. The Nautilus Trough name is
given by Jongsma in 1989, with
consideration of Nautilus Strait, between
the Kumawa Peninsula and Adi Island.
Eastern Indonesia Triple Junction
“Snellius II Triple Junction”
 (4)
The presence NW-SE trending of 1400
m deep trough to the southwest of Seram
Trough named Hartono Trough by
Jongsma et.al., in 1989, for his
appreciation to Mr. H.M.S. Hartono as
coordinators Snellius II Expedition Theme
I and also as Director of Marine Geological
Institute.
Eastern Indonesia Triple Junction
“Snellius II Triple Junction”
 (5)
Adi Trough (2600 m) lies to the east of
Kuenen Ridge and link with the Kumawa
Trough just west of Adi Island. Its extends
southward shallows to 1200 m between
the island Kai Besar and another bank
named East Kai Bank.
Weber Trough or Weber Deep
 Weber
Trough is located to the east of The
Snellius II Triple Junction. Previously this
trough is named as “Weber Deep”. Its
because of The Siboga Expedition in
1899-1900, led by Max Weber gave a
significant contribution to oceanographic
knowledge of eastern Indonesian waters.
Its leader”s name was immortalized in
naming the deepest basin in the Banda
Sea “Weber Deep”.
Eastern Indonesia Triple Junction
“Snellius II Triple Junction”
The Snellius Ridges
 The
Snellius Ridge is located to the east of
Miangas Island with trending almost northsouth which are broadens southwards.
Firstly, The Snellius Ridges was founded
by The Dutch scientist during the Snellius I
expedition in 1929-1930, which are shown
in bathymetric map of the Molluca Sea,
and then named Snellius Ridges which
are using the name of Expedition
The Snellius Ridges
Conclusions

The names of Hartono, Kuenen,
Hamilton, and Weber at the
undersea features is given for they
greatly support and enhanced our
understanding of marine geology in
Indonesia
 The names of Nautilus, Adi, Kai,
Kumawa, and Lucipara at the
undersea feature is given by using
the island or strait near or inside the
survey and also as prolongation.
Conclusions
 The
names of Baruna, Rama, Sinta
and Snellius at the undersea feature
is given for remember that features
are discoveries by that expedition and
using the research vessel.
 Both of names Rama and Sinta have
the other meanings which are from a
couple of family in the story of
Wayang.