Transcript day4_2_indonesia

Presented by Dr. Suseno
Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries - Indonesia
Symposium on Asserting Rights, Defining Responsibilities:
Perspectives from Small-Scale Fishing Communities
on Coastal and Fisheries Management in Asia
Cambodia, 7-8 May 2007
PRO POOR
PRO JOB
PRO GROWTH
MARINE WATERS
INLAND WATERS
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•
•
54 MillionH : lake, dam, pond,
basin/reservoir, river, swamp and
other water puddles (The biggest
areas are in Kalimantan & Sumatra)
Area = 5,8 million km2
Islands = 17.508
coastline = 81.000 km
Recognizing Rights of Fishing Communities based on MCS Mechanism
DATA
(Biological &
Environmental
Aspects)
Stock
Assessment
MONITORING
Research &
Exploration
Information
on SocioEconomic
Aspects
National
Fisheries
Statistical
System
Formulation of FR
management policies
Conservation:
Protection,
Rehabilitation
Information
on FR
Utilization
Utilization
Planning
Laws and
Regulation
Building &
Authorization
Licensing
system
FR
Utilization
S
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R
V
E
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L
L
A
N
C
E
One of the Main Purposes: Fisheries
Management shall be carried our to
enhance the living condition of smallscale fishermen and fish farmers
(Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 8/1985 strengthened by Law No. 31 in
2004 concerning Fisheries)
CommunityBased Regime
Co-management
Regime
Sasi
Panglima laot
Awig-awig
etc.
Autonomy Law
No 22/1999
revised by 32/2004
Fisheries Law
No 31/2004
Heritage
PRESENT STATUS
(since Reform Era in 1998)
GovernmentCentered Regime
Fisheries Law
No 9/1985
Gov’t regulations
NEW ORDER 1966
based on National Act No. 32/2004
Administrative boundary
Territorial boundary (12 mil)
ZEE boundary
Intertidal
4 mil
boundary
Central
Picture was taken from Ginting (2004)
Province
District
River basin
According to Ministerial Decree No. 17/2006
Issued by
Boat & Engine Size
District Government
 10 GT
Provincial Government
> 10 GT and  30 GT
Central Government
> 30 GT
Note : Boat without Engine or with engine  5 GT shall be registered
Picture was taken from Ginting (2004)
The right to “explore, exploit and manage” the 4
and 12 miles waters territory
Potential Conflict
THE NEED OF FISHERIES CO-MANAGEMENT
FISHERIES ACT NO 31/2004
ARTICLE 2
Fisheries management is carried out under
the principles of benefits, equality, partnership,
equal distribution, integration, transparency, efficiency
and sustainable preservation
The essence of fisheries co-management
ARTICLE 6
(2) Fisheries management for capture fisheries
and fish-culture should take into account
adat law (custom) and indigenous knowledge,
including community participation
Knowledge-based fisheries
co-management
ARTICLE 65
(1) the delegation of part of fisheries functions from the
Government to the Regional Governments and its
withdrawal shall be regulated by Government
Regulation and (2) the Government may delegate its
function to the Regional Government to carry out
supporting mandates in the field of fisheries.
Delegation of Function/Authority and
Supporting Mandates
FORUM FOR COORDINATION OF FRM / FKPPS (Ministerial Decree No 994/1999)
NATIONAL FKKPS
Organizer: DG of Capture Fisheries
Participants: All fisheries Provincial
Services, fising port authority, academics
from Universities, Researchers, Fisher
Organization, etc. Budgeting Source:
State and Deconcentration Budget
PROVINCIAL FKKPS
Organizer: Fisheries Provincial
Services Consecutively
Participants: Fisheries District
Services from one province, Fisher
Organizations, Universities, etc.
Budgeting Source:
Deconcentration Budget
REGIONAL FKKPS
Organizer: Fisheries Provincial
Services Consecutively
Participants: Fisheries District
Services at one regional province
Fisher Organization, Universities,
etc. Budgeting Source:
Deconcentration Budget
Regulation for Migrating Fishermen / Nelayan Andon(Ministerial Decree No 13/2004)
Main Content of Article
Obligations
Details
Having IUP and SPI (Fishing License);
Having ID Card as Migrating Fishermen;
Report upon arrival;
Report the Catch fish;
Comply with local rules/regulations/customary law in
the fishing area where he/she will operate;
 Maintain good relationshio with the local fishers.
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Rights
 To get the services as same as the local fishermen
get;
 To get guidance and advice from relevant institution
in local district/province or distric/province of origin.
Rejection of Migrating
Fishermen
 The relevant institution in local district/province can
reject the presence of migrating fishermen if he/she
does not obey/comply with the local rules and
regulations ;
 Rejection shall be reported to the relavant institution
where the migrating fishers come from
(distric/province of origin).
DISSEMINATING FISHERIES CO-MANAGEMENT
IN INDONESIA
Organizing for the
partnership
Course
Content
Development
(Have been
formulated)
Negotiating co-management
plans and agreements
Implementing and revising the plans
and agreements (learning-by-doing)
Follow-up
activities
RECENT PROGRAMS OF MAINSTREAMING
FISHERIES CO-MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA
COFISH PROGRAM (1998 – 2004):
Encourage community involvement in planning and implementation
of fisheries resource management; Enhance capacity and life
standard of coastal fisheries communities; and enhance capacity of
community, NGO as well as fisheries officer in fisheries resource
management.
COREMAP PROGRAM (2003– PRESENT)
MPA: Since 1999 MMAF introduced the concept of Marine Protected
Area in Indonesia. Recently, Indonesia has 1.5 million H of MPA
managing by stakeholders.
FISH CODE CUSTOM TRAINING COURSE (CTC) PROJECT
(16 – 28 May 2007):
Prepared and trained 54 potential trainers, which will subsequently
practice to develop the fisheries co-management system in their
fisheries district areas.
FUTURE CO-MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
WILL BE UNDERTAKEN IN INDONESIA
PLANNING FOR MAINSTREAMING COMANAGEMENT REGIME IN INDONESIA
- National Workshop on FCM in 2008;
- Local Workshops and Trainings on
FCM in 2008 onwards;
- Institutional Building & Development
of Co-management.
WE WELCOME ANY POSSIBLE
COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS WITH ICSF
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
Thank You…
9 FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AREAS
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FMP
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FMP
FMP
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Notes:

FMP

FMP

FMP

FMP

FMP

FMP
1. Mallacca Strait
2. South China Sea
3. Java Sea
4. Makasar Straits
& Flores Sea
5. Banda Sea
6. Arafura Sea
7. Tomini &Seram
Seas
8. Sulawesi & Pacific
Ocean
9. Indian Ocean
Distribution
UN-EVEN DISTRIBUTION
Big Pelagic
Big pelagic
Big Pelagic
Small Pelagic
Small Pelagic
Small Pelagic
Demersal
Demersal
Demersal
Shrimp/Penaeid
Shrimp/Penaeid
Shrimp/Penaeid
I
Big Pelagic
Small Pelagic
Demersal
Shrimp/Penaeid
II
VIII
Big Pelagic (tuna)
VII
Small Pelagic
Demersal
IX
Shrimp/Penaeid
III
V
IV
VI
Big Pelagic (tuna)
Small Pelagic
Demersal
Shrimp/Penaeid
Notes :
= Uncertain
= Over Fishing
Big Pelagic
Small Pelagic
Big Pelagic
Big Pelagic
Big Pelagic
Demersal
Small Pelagic
Small Pelagic
Small Pelagic
Shrimp/Penaeid
Demersal
Demersal
Demersal
Shrimp/Penaeid
Shrimp/Penaeid
Shrimp/Penaeid
= Fully Exploited
= Moderate
= Not available
Back
EXISTING SOCIO-ECONOMIC & FISHERIES RESOURCE INFORMATION
FISHING FLEETS STRUCTURE
(Capture Fisheries Statistics, 2005)
15,7%
49,7%
Large-Scale
Fishing Fleets (> 30GT)
(0,96%)
Small-Scale
Armada
Fishing Fleets (< 30GT)
(99,04%)
Fishing Boat <30GT
(23,6%)
34,7%
F ull Time F is hermen
P a rt Time F is hers (Ma jor)
P a rt Time F is hers (Minor)
Boat
Without Engine
(45,5%)
COMPOSITION OF FISHERS
Boat
with
Perahu
Outside Engine
(30,8%)
(Capture Fisheries Statistics, 2005)
Back
Panglima Laot in Aceh
Awig-Awig
Back
APPROACH USED BY COFISH PROGRAM
District Fisheries
Management Advisory
Committee (DFMAC)
Select
representatives
Establish specific
groups
community
Determine
Stakeholders
Fisher Community
Groups/Local
Fisheries
Committee
(KPL)/Fishing Gear
Groups (KAT
Develop coastal fishery
management plan
District Fisheries
Services (Dinas
Perikanan)
Propose
regulations
Local Government
(PEMDA)
Issuing
regulations
Stakeholder
Local Community
DG of Capture
Fisheries
Issuing
National
Fishery
Policies
Flowchart of the development of management plan & regulation on fisheries
resource management based on active-participatory community
Mataram 16-21 April 2006 (First Phase) & 23-28 April 2006 (Second Phase)
Participants at opening Ceremony, 16 April 2007. Training Course was opened by DG of Capture Fisheries
More
Transparent
More
Democratic
Advantages of
Co-Management
More Economical
in the Future
More
Participatory
Able to adapt the Local
Knowledge
May not be suitable for all
Fishing Communities
In the Short Tem, a Large
Investment is needed
Disadvantages of
Co-Management
Changes in FM strategy can be
high risk for some of the
fisheries stakeholders
Difficult to share the
responsibility between the
Government and The People
Poor leadership & organization
may reduce its effectiveness
Co-management
(varying degrees)