Transcript Natural Resources - Global Environment Facility

GEF Natural Resources
Andrew Hume
Junior Professional Associate, International Waters
Natural Resources Team
GEF and the Rio Conventions
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Created 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)
in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June of 1992.
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Outcomes included the establishment of GEF and three international conventions:
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
(Rio de Janeiro, June 1992)
- Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
(Rio de Janeiro, June 1992)
- United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
(Paris, June 1994)
The Natural Resources Team:
• The Natural Resources Team addresses two of the Rio Conventions through its
Biodiversity and Land Degradation Focal Areas:
1) Biodiversity (BD)  CBD as the financial mechanism
2) Land Degradation (LD)  UNCCD as a financial mechanism
(along with the Global Mechanism)
Financial Mechanism = providing funding to projects/countries based on
priorities identified by conventions
• The NR team also address other global environmental issues outside of
international conventions through the IW focal area
3) International Waters (IW)
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Gets informal guidance from several international agreements
1) The GEF Secretariat, getting guidance from Convention Conference of Parties
(COPs), the GEF/UNEP Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel (STAP), and other
sources, proposes GEF Focal Area Objectives to the GEF Council .
2) Objectives are approved by the GEF Council concurrent with GEF Replenishment
four year cycles. We are currently in the fifth GEF Replenishment (GEF-5) which
runs from 2010 to 2014.
3) Each Focal Area (CC, BD, IW, LD, etc) has its own Strategy
4) GEF Projects are then funded based on guidance from the Focal Area Strategies
Most recent COPs for the Biodiversity and Land Degradation:
UNCCD COP10
October 2011
Changwon, Republic of Korea
- First COP that GEF participated as one of the financial mechanisms
(along with the UNCCD Global Mechanism that was est. 1997).
CBD COP
October 2010
Nagoya, Japan,
- Led to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing: an international agreement for
the sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources in a fair and equitable way…and by
appropriate funding, thereby contributing to the conservation of biological diversity and the
sustainable use of its components.
Biodiversity Focal Area Strategy:
The goal of the biodiversity focal area is the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity
and the maintenance of ecosystem goods and services.
Campaign to Save the Hotspots
1998
1) Improve the sustainability of protected area systems;
2) Mainstream biodiversity conservation and sustainable use into
production landscapes/
seascapes and sectors;
3) Build capacity to implement the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety;
(protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by living modified
organisms resulting from modern biotechnology)
4) Build capacity on access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing;
and
5) Integrate CBD obligations into national planning processes
through enabling activities
GEF Achievements in Biodiversity
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$ 3.1 billion invested, $8.3 billion in cofinancing
to support more than 1,000 projects in 155 countries
$1.89 billion invested in the creation and management of protected areas
2,302 protected areas spanning 634 million hectares, 700 globally threatened species,
30 billion tons of stored carbon
40 conservation trust funds supported with $300 million
Over 265 million hectares of productive landscapes and seascapes became
biodiversity-friendly
Largest financier of forests: $1.5 billion supplemented by more than $4.5 billion in
cofinancing; more than 300 projects focusing on forest conservation and management
Pioneer investor in payments for ecosystem services schemes
Land Degradation
Focal Area Strategy
1) Maintain or improve flows of agro-ecosystem services to sustain the livelihoods of local
communities;
2) Generate sustainable flows of forest ecosystem services in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid
zones, including sustaining livelihoods of forest-dependent people;
3) Reduce pressures on natural resources from competing land uses in the wider landscape;
and
4) Increase capacity to apply adaptive management tools in SLM.
GEF Achievements in Land Degradation
• $ 340 million invested, $2.4 billion in co-financing to support
more than 88 projects
• Invested in more than 40 countries to deliver sustainable land
management innovations in over 100 million ha of production
landscapes, mainly in drylands to support implementation of the
UNCCD.
• The portfolio includes more than $2 billion of regional
development financing to benefit 28 countries in Sub-Saharan
Africa (agriculture and food security), 5 countries in the Middle
East and North Africa (integrated land and water management),
and 5 countries in Central Asia (dryland management).
International Waters
• The IW Focal Area is not a financial mechanism to any international agreement.
• Instead IW focuses much of its effort building regional capacity (legal agreements,
committees, etc) in transboundary water resources (coastal/marine, lakes, rivers,
and aquifers) to reverse fisheries depletion, reduce water pollution, and balance
conflicting water uses, and protecting aquifers.
GEF International Waters Portfolio
• Largest investor in multi-country collective water & coastal management: $1.2
billion GEF & $6.1 billion co-financing.
• 149 GEF recipient States cooperating with 23 non-recipient States
• GEF 5: Four strategic objectives approved for $US 440 million.
• Projects across multiple country boundaries included 30 river and lake basins, 5
groundwater basins, and 19 of the planet’s 64 large marine ecosystems, including
half of those shared by developing countries
GEF5 IW Objectives
1) Catalyze multi-state cooperation to balance conflicting water uses in
transboundary surface and groundwater basins while considering
climatic variability and change
2) Catalyze multi-state cooperation to rebuild marine fisheries and
reduce pollution of coasts and Large Marine Ecosystems while
considering climatic variability and change
3) Support foundational capacity building, portfolio learning, and
targeted research needs for joint, ecosystem-based management of
trans-boundary water systems
4) Promote effective management of Marine Areas Beyond
National Jurisdiction (ABNJ)
Project Example: IW Objective 4) Promote effective management of Marine Areas
Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ)
Multi-Focal Area Project (IW & BD): GEF/FAO Program on Global
Sustainable Fisheries Management and Biodiversity Conservation
in ABNJ
Areas beyond the 200 nm Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
• Approximately $50 Million with $300 Million in co-financing
• Conservation of tuna through tuna fishing organizations
• Conservation of deep-sea ecosystems and fish
• Public global awareness
• Close ties to the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and CBD
GEF relies on 10 Implementing Agencies to facilitate project implementation. They are:
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UN Development Programme;
8. European Bank for Reconstruction and
UN Environment Programme;
Development;
World Bank;
9. Inter-American Development Bank;
UN Food and Agriculture Organization; 10. International Fund for Agricultural
UN Industrial Development Organization;
Development.
African Development Bank;
Asian Development Bank;
As well as with many of large NGOs as executing agencies:
Thank You
Andrew Hume
[email protected]