Transcript Revolution - Net Start Class

the group of people with the
authority to oversee a country or state
What does a government do?
• Governments create laws
in order to control the
population
• Laws create order at the
expense of freedom
• There are many systems in
place to create laws that
benefit or control people
the most
Words to know
• Head of State- head of the country
itself, representative to other countries
• Head of Government- the leader of the
people who make laws, pass taxes,
ratify treaties, and run the bureaucracy.
• Constitution- How a government is
organized and designed to function.
• Bureaucracy-people who make the laws
work
• Legislators- People who write the laws
Fidel
Castro
Dictatorship
Pinochet
Pol Pot
Al Assad
• A single person has complete
control of a country
• Tightly controlled society
• Intimidation, propaganda, strict
punishments, and public
executions keep people under
control
How to start your own dictatorship
• Get elected into power and change the
laws – Adolf Hitler (Germany)
• Unite the working poor against a common
oppressor – Vladimir Lenin (Russia)
• Have the military take over – Emílio Médici
(Brazil) 1969
• Be put in place by more powerful country –
Kim il-sung (North Korea)
Dictatorships
• Cuba
• North Korea
• Imperial Roman
Empire
• Ottoman Caliphate
• United Soviet
Socialist Republics
• Nazi Germany
Dictators
•Fidel/Raul Castro
•Kim Jong Un
•Caesar
•Caliph
•Premier Joseph
Stalin
•Adolf Hitler
Monarchy
•
•
•
•
Rule of one
Head of State is an inherited title
The monarch has all the power
Examples – Saudi Arabia, Morocco,
Medieval France, Germany, Spain
Constitutional Monarchy
• The power of a monarch is limited by a
constitution
• The monarch remains as head of state or
the sovereign
• An elected/appointed prime minister is
head of the government
• Examples – United Kingdom, Belgium,
Spain
Oligarchy
• Rule of the few
• Power can be controlled by a political
party, the military, or a dictator and his
supporters
Direct Democracy
• Rule of the many
• A system where all the decision making
power is given to the people
• All citizens gather to vote for everything
• The truest form of democracy existed in
the Ancient Greek city of Athens
• Male Athenians voted on everything
– Judged if a person was guilty of a crime
– Determined whether or not to go to war
– People were ostracized or forced to leave for
ten years to prevent individuals from
becoming too powerful
• In 411 BCE Athenians voted to end Democracy
Pericles gets ostracized
• The people elect representatives to
represent them in government.
• These elected officials make the laws
• Republics do not have monarchs
• Parliamentary Republic - The people elect
the president as head of state
• The Prime Minister is chosen by the
dominant political party in the legislator
• Prime Minister-Head of Government
– Examples- France, Austria, Italy, Poland,
‘Russia’
PRESIDENT
(Head of State)
Prime Minister
(Head of Government)
Legislative Branch
(legislators)
Voters
• A state (country) with power divided
among different states, provinces, or
regions
• President is Head of State & Government
– Examples- United States, Argentina, Mexico,
India
Federal
State/Provincial
Local
Theocracy
• A system of government controlled by a
religious leader
– Examples: Vatican City, Iran, Ancient Egypt
Sovereignty
• having supreme, independent authority
over a geographic area
• Monarchs consider themselves to be a
living sovereign
• In Republics and Democracies the people
are sovereign
Revolution
• a fundamental change in power and
society
• Revolutions end an oppressive
government
• Starts by protesting regular people
Revolution
• Revolutions are typically violent
• French Revolution lasted from 1787-1799
– France beheaded its king and became a
republic
– All things in France that were associated
with the monarchy were changed as
well
Arab Spring
• In December 2010 26 year old
Mohammed Bouazizi set himself on fire in
public to protest the corrupt dictatorship of
Tunisia
• This got Tunisians and other Arabs to rise
up against the dictators ruling their
countries.
• By Spring 2011 Tunisia’s dictator was
kicked out of Tunisia
Arab Spring
•Egypt, Libya, and Yemen’s dictators were
also removed from power through revolting
•Morocco and Jordan reformed their
kingdoms to make the people happy
Summer 2011
• Bahrain and Saudi Arabia violently put
down protesting
• The dictator of Syria attempted to crush
the protests by shelling cities and killing
people.
• the people of Syria continue to fight
against the dictator