Transcript “Generalissimo Francisco Franco is Still Dead”–Or Is He? Lessons

“Generalissimo Francisco Franco
is Still Dead”—Or Is He?
Lessons in the Power of Visual Rhetoric
Picture this: New York City, 1975
Generalissimo Francisco Franco and Richard Nixon
Francisco Franco: A Man on the Rise
• Military legacy
• Spanish Army, Rif War in Morocco
• Opposition to the Spanish Republic and Manuel Azaña
The Spanish Civil War
Nationalists
Republicans
“Rebels” or “Fascists”
Monarchists
Carlists
Falange
Pre-war “Right”
*Fascist Italy
*Nazi Germany
“Loyalists”
“Popular Front” Parties and Organizations
Basques
*Soviet Union
*International Brigades
*Additional support occurred, but this was
despite a Non-Intervention Agreement
agreed upon by 24 separate nations.
Theory and Methodology
Francisco Franco and the Nationalist Visual
Campaign
• Strength in a Time of Fear: The Image of Francisco Franco
• Ministry of Propaganda: Creation of the “Truth”
• Memory and Dedication: The Valley of the Fallen
Strength in a Time of Fear: The Image of
Francisco Franco
• Act—Control and Saturation of Franco Image via Art and other Media/Use of
Religious and Military Iconography
• Purpose—Strength and Security
• Scene—Divided Nation
• Agent/Agency—Religious and Military Support
Ministry of Propaganda: Creation of the
“Truth”
• Act—Promotion of International Tourism
• Purpose—Gain Support/Minimize Intervention
• Scene—During Wartime
• Agent/Agency—Ministry of Propaganda
Memory and Dedication: The Valley of the
Fallen
• Act—Erection of Monument
• Purpose—Dedication to “Fallen”/ Resting Place for Franco and José Antonio Primo de Rivera
• Scene—Post-civil war
• Agent/Agency—Leader of Spain
And the winner is…
Picture this: New York City, 2015
SNL 40th Anniversary