Transcript Porpoganda Poster PowerPoint

Analyzing World War I
Propaganda Posters
You will examine World War I propaganda posters from four
countries to learn about propagandists’ objectives and tools
during wartime. You will examine eight World War I
propaganda posters from England, Germany, France, and
the United States. Using the posters as models, you can
design your own poster using the same objectives and tools.
Your poster will be displayed in class.
Directions
• 1. Read Propaganda Objectives and
Tools
• 2. Practice analyzing a propaganda
poster using this Quia
link:http://www.quia.com/quiz/2849546.
html
• 3. Create your own poster.
Analyzing a Propaganda
Poster
• 1. Examine the poster
• 2. Determine the objective you think the
propaganda poster is designed to
achieve.
• 3. Determine what tools were used to
design the poster.
Things to Think About While
Analyzing a Propaganda Poster
• What do you see here?
• What is happening in the poster?
• Which country do you think produced
this poster?
• What objective is the poster designed to
achieve?
• What propaganda tools are used in this
poster?
Common Objectives of
Wartime Propaganda
• 1. Recruitment of soldiers, either through a
draft or voluntary enlistment.
• 2. Financing the war effort through the sale of
war bonds-loans from citizens to the
government-or new taxes.
• 3. Eliminating dissent and unifying the
country behind the war effort.
• 4. Conservation of resources-such as food,
oil, and steel-necessary to wage war.
• 5. Participation in home-front organizations to
support the war.
Propaganda Objectives and
Tools
• Common Tools Used in Wartime Propaganda
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Demonization
Emotional Appeals
Name Calling
Patriotic Appeals
Half-Truths or Lies
Catchy Slogans
Evocative Visuals Symbols
Humor or Caricatures
Demonization
• This tools involves portraying the enemy as
purely evil, menacing, murderous, and
aggressive. The propagandist attempts to
remove all confusion and ambiguity about
whom the public should hate. The enemy
may be portrayed as a hairy beast or the
devil himself. The tool becomes more
powerful when the enemy can be blamed
for committing atrocities against, women,
children, or other noncombatnts.
Emotional Appeals
• This tool involves playing on people’s
emotions to promote the war effort. Since
the strongest emotion is often fear,
propagandists create their own work based
on the premise that the more frightened a
person is by a communication, the more likely
he or she is to take action. Thus
propagandists are careful to explain in detail
the action that they want the consumer of the
propaganda to carry out.
Name Calling
• This tool involves using loaded labels to
encourage hatred of the enemy. Labels
like “Commies,” “Japs,” and
“Huns”reinforce negative stereotypes
and assists propagandists n demonizing
the enemy.
Patriotic Appeals
• This tool involves using patriotic
language or symbols to appeal to
people’s national pride.
Half-Truths or Lies
• This tool involves deception or twisting the
truth. The propagandists may include
some elements of truth in the propaganda
to make an argument more persuasive.
For example, blaming the enemy for
compete responsibility for the war ad
portraying one’s own country as a victim of
aggression is a common propaganda tool.
Catchy Slogans
• This tool involves using memorable
phrases to foster support for the war
effort. For example, short phrases like
“Remember the Maine!” and
“Remember the Alamo!” have been very
successful in motivating Americans to
strongly support the use of arms against
Spain and Mexico, respectively.
Evocative Visual Symbols
• This tool involves using symbols that
appeal to people’s emotions-like flags,
statues, mother and children and enemy
uniforms-to promote the war effort.
Humor or Caricature
• This tool involves capturing the viewer’s
attention through the use of humor to
promote the war effort. The enemy is
almost always the butt of jokes used by
propagandists.
Poster A
• This shows a U.S. poster of
a soldier returning from
service in World War I. The
poster is designed to evoke
the patriotism and devotion
to family among potential
recruits. The caption “For
Home and Country” is
reinforced by the soldier’s
uniform and his loving
family. The enemy helmet
around the neck of the
soldier is a symbol of his
success in service to his
country.
Poster B
• This shows a U.S. poster of
an angry man ripping off his
jacket to put on a U.S. Marine
Corps uniform. He source of
the man’s anger is revealed
by the newspaper at his feet
which tells of German
atrocities: Germany’s
purportedly ruthless invasion
of France through Belgium.
The newspaper headline
refers to the Germans as
“Huns” to evoke memories of
past German aggression.
Poster C
•
This shows a German poster
depicting a drawing of a fist in
knight’s armor, evoking
Germany’s past military
strength and medieval past.
The caption of this poster
reads, “Das ist der Weg zum
Frieden-die Feinde wollen es
so! Darum zeichne
Kriegsanleihe!” (“That is the
way to freedom-the enemy wills
it so! Therefore sign up for war
loans!”) Despite the fact that
Germany launched the
offensive that initiated the
fighting in World War I, the
poster claims that Germany
had no choice but to fight the
war because it was forced
upon Germany by its enemies.
Poster D
•
The show a U.S. poster of a
female gardener with a variety
of fruits and vegetables going
“over the top” of a trench to
assist in achieving victory over
the enemy. The U.S. flag flies
proudly in the background.
The poster encourages
Americans to plant what the
federal government called
“victory gardens” to grow more
food for World War I soldiers.
During the war, the U.S. Food
Administration used posters
like this ne to promote victory
gardens as well as food
conservation efforts called
wheatless Mondays and
Wednesdays, meatless
Tuesdays, and porkless
Thursdays.
Poster E
• Here we see a French poster
showing the French rooster on a
coin attacking a fearful German
soldier. The coin is labeled
“liberty, equality, fraternity,” three
strong French values dating to
the French Revolution. The
caption reads, “pour la France,
Versez Votre Or. L’Or Combat
Pour La Victorie.” (For France
pour out your gold. Gold fights
for victory.”)
Poster F
• Here we see a U.S. poster depicting the German
Kaiser drawn as a devil, with a red body and a pointed
tail. The Kaiser is sitting on a stack of skulls, with a
bloody sword at his feet. The caption reads “Uber
Allies” (“Superior to everything”).
• Here we see a
German poster
showing Great
Britain as an
octopus whose
tentacles encircle
the globe. The
caption reads
“Freiheit ge
Meere. England
der Blutsauger
der Welt.”
(Freedom of the
seas. England is
the bloodsucker
of the world.”)
The message of
the poster is that
Great Britain is
the enemy of
freedom in the
world.
Poster G
Poster H
• Here we see a British
poster showing a German
helmet filled with ferns.
The caption reads “Do you
want a fern basket like
this? Join the Sixth and
come and get one.” The
German helmet was a
prized acquisition among
Allied soldiers, and the
ferns are a reference to
the death of the German
soldier who had worn the
helmet.
Poster I
• Here we see a U.S.
poster showing a soldier
returning from war and
facing a student in a cap
and gown. The caption
reads, “When the Boys
Come Home. While I
was Over There what
were You Doing Here?
Students of America how
will you answer him?”
The poster was created
by a home-front
organization, the United
War Work Campaign.
Poster J
• Here we see a U.S.
poster showing the city
of New York under
attack by German
forces. The poster
depicts the destruction of
the Statue of Liberty and
New York City in flames.
In New York Harbor, a
German submarine can
be seen making its way
up the Hudson River to
wreak further damage.