Transcript 14_2 The Holocaust with Pair Share

The Holocaust
Setting the Stage
•Nazis proclaimed that Aryans,
Or Germanic peoples, were a
“master race.” Jews and other
Non-Aryan people were
Inferior.
•This racist message would
Eventually lead to the Holocaust –
The mass slaughter of civilians,
especially Jews.
Discuss the reasons behind the
Holocaust.
•Hatred for Jews had deep roots in
European history
•For generations, many Germans,
Along with other Europeans, had
Targeted Jews as the cause of
Their failures.
•The Nazis even blamed the Jews,
For Germany’s defeat in WW I and
For its economic problems.
•Nazi propaganda played into this
German soldier brutalizing a Polish Jew
•1935- The Nuremburg Laws
deprived Jews of their rights to
citizenship, jobs, and property
•To make it easier to identify them,
Jews had to wear a bright yellow
star attached to their clothing
What were the Nuremburg Laws?
1935- 2 Jewish children are humiliated by their classmates
On the Chalkboard
“The Jew is our
Greatest enemy!
Beware of the
Jew!”
Kristallnacht “Night of Broken
Glass”
•November 1938, Nazis attacked
Jewish homes, businesses, and
synagogues across Germany.
•The main streets of Germany were
Covered with shattered glass
Jewish Synagogue on fire Nov. 10, 1938
•After Kristallnacht, some Jews
realized that violence against
them was bound to increase
•Jews began leaving Germany for
other countries.
France – 25,000
Britain- 80,000
Latin America- 40,000
United States- 100,000
(including Albert Einstein)
Explain the significance of
Kistallnacht, or Night of Broken
Glass.
Isolating the Jews
•Hitler knew that he could not get
Rid of all Jews through emigration.
•So he had all Jews move into
ghettos- segregated Jewish areas
•The ghettos were sealed off with
Barbed wire or stone walls
•They wanted the Jews inside to
starve to death or die from disease
Hitler’s Final Solution
•Hitler grew impatient waiting for
The Jews to die in the ghettos.
•He decided to take a more direct
Action. His plan was called the
“Final solution.”
•Inferior groups were- gypsies,
Poles, Russians, homosexuals, the
insane, disabled, and the ill.
•But the Nazis focused on the Jews
•As the Nazis defeated its enemies,
Hitler’s SS unit was sent to towns
To round up Jews and kill them.
•Those who were not killed were
Sent to slave-labor camps.
•It was a program of genocide- the
systematic killing of people
•To protect racial purity, the Nazis
Not only had to eliminate the Jews,
But all other races they viewed as
inferior
Mass execution of Jews from the Soviet Union
Final Stage: Mass Extermination
By 1942, the Nazis built
Extermination camps for the
Purpose of mass murder.
What is Hitler’s Final Solution?
What were the steps taken to
accomplish it?
Arriving at Auschwitz
What was Auschwitz and why was
the most infamous of the
concentration camps?
A sole survivor among
The corpses in a freight
Car being transported
To the camps
A few hundred pounds of gold teeth
A shrunken head of a
prisoner
To terrorize other prisoners,
Nazis would hang shrunken
Heads in the middle of the
camps
Medical Experiments
High-Altitude medical experiments in Dachau. In order to test how pilots
who have to eject from their planes will fare, SS doctors simulated highaltitude conditions in a chamber, and exposed people to these conditions.
Many prisoners died during such experiments. In order for the simulation
to be as real as possible, the prisoner is hung by parachute straps.
A prisoner is submerged in a tank filled with cold water. The
goal of this type of experiments was to check how long German
pilots, who had to parachute into the cold north sea, would
survive.
Open air cremation pits used to burn bodies
A pile of victim’s shoes
Jews Killed Under Nazi Rule
Original Jewish
Pop.
Jews Killed
Poland
3,300,000
3,000,000
Soviet Union
2,850,000
1,252,000
Hungary
650,000
450,000
Romania
600,000
300,000
Germany/Austria
240,000
200,000
5 million non-Jews were also killed as a
result of Hitler
• 3 million Polish Catholics and
Christians
• The rest (est. 2 million) were nonJew citizens of Hungary,
Czechoslovakia, Ukraine, Russia,
Holland, France and even Germany.
The Nuremberg Trials
1) Nuremberg was chosen because it had
been the scene of large rallies glorifying
Nazism.
2) At Nuremberg 12 Nazi leaders were
sentenced to death, 3 to life, 4 to lesser
terms.
3) People who contributed to the death
machinery were not punished.
What are your feelings about the
Holocaust? How has it changed the
world that we live in?