Transcript Chapter 6 Nationalism and Ultranationalism

Chapter Issue:
To what extent can nationalism lead to
ultranationalism
Chapter 6
Nationalism and Ultranationalism
 Text pp. 136 – 137
 Map Legend, fig. 6-1, looking ahead question 5.
 Poster depicts Stalin as … ?
 However, Stalin controlled, decided, forced … etc.
 Ruled 1920 – 1953, 20-60m people …
 Executed
 Died in state created famines
 Forced labour camps deportation
 Key terms …
 Ultranationalism
 Propaganda
 Appeasement
 Conscription
What is Ultranationalism?
 First understand Nationalism!
 Read Ben Barker’s words … p.138, fig. 6-2
 Ultranationalism
 An extreme form of nationalism
 Move from value of own nation and interests, to …
 … hostility towards people of other nations
 Hostility can endanger international peace
 May include elements of racism and fanaticism
 Can cause drastic economic and social change creating
unemployment and poverty which can spark extreme
nationalists movements
What is Ultranationalism?
 Important point …
 Some countries peoples might label a policy or belief as
nationalistic or ultranationalistic depending on the
nation.
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Actions of people in one country can be seen as patriotic, in
another country it can be seen as ultranationalistic
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Example, building a strong military
Thoughts?
What is Ultranationalism?
 Fanatical example …
 Jan 2007, Hvant Dink, Turkish journalist and member of T.’s
Armenian minority was murdered
 Murderer was thought to belong to a Turkish national group
 Dink wrote about massacre of Armenians by Turks in WWI.
 2006, arrested and convicted of publicly insulting ‘Republic of
Turkey’
 Sparked debate over free society, ethnic tension, extreme
nationalism
 Nationalism or ultranationalism?
Russian Ultranationalism
 1991 USSR disintegrated
 Difficult transition to independent republics
 Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia, Tajikistan
 Insecurity bred hatred among different peoples
 Immigrants, asylum seekers and ethnic residents
 Ethnic Russians and Russian citizens and idea of
‘Russia for Russians’
Russian Ultranationalism
 Russia under Stalin
 Absolute monarchy
 Russian revolution 1918 resulted in assassination of Czar
and royal family

Civil war
 1928, Stalin, communist, emerged leader
 First act …

Confiscate land from farmers and create collective stateowned farms
 Objection meant execution, deported to labour camps
Russian Ultranationalism
 Stalin’s goal …
 Replace loyalties of 100 distinct national groups with Soviet
Nationalism.
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Objection meant persecution
Example, Ukraine farmers refused, Stalin confiscated crops
Result: 10m Ukrainians starved to death in 1930
Outlawed the Ukraine language in public
Largest group of political prisoners in labour camps
Camps were called Gulag’s , see figure 6-3
 Also rid the Communist part of anyone accused as
‘enemy of the people’ , ie., drawing cartoon of Stalin
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Execution, slave-labour camps, etc
Propaganda and Ultranationalism
 Read text p. 140, fig., 6-4, 6-5
 What is propaganda?
 Info and ideas spread to achieve a specific goal
 Info and ideas often misleading
 Extreme nationalists use prop. To manipulate strong
national feelings, esp., fear and insecurity
 Persuade people to act in a certain way
Propaganda and Ultranationalism
 What is Propaganda?
 Examples …
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Call opponents names such as ‘terrorists’, ‘fanatics’
Use words that hide the true meaning of actions, ie., holy, just,
concentration camps
Use respected symbols to appeal to people’s values, such as
flags, religious symbols, (Bible)
Appeal to peoples fears, i.e., strict law and order is only way to
ensure peace and save a nation
Propaganda and Ultranationalism
 Poster of Stalin, p.136 shows …
 Caring, helping, providing happiness, etc., to promote
nationalism
 At same time, millions sent to forced-labour camps.
 Germany example …
 Nazis used radio, film, newspapers to promote extreme
nationalism
 Target and promoted hatred of Jews
Conclusions
 Assignment for pp. 136 – 140 …
 1. Study the posters on page 146
 2. Create a chart -- Analyzing Propaganda, p 146.
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Complete the chart for both posters, p. 146.
After completing that step, answer the following …
 A. Which poster is most persuasive? Opinion
 B. Which poster most honestly reflects the facts. Opinion
 C. Which poster least honestly reflects the facts. Opinion
 D. Are both poster propaganda? Opinion