Transcript Aim: To know hazards in an earthquake

How do we manage earthquake hazards?
Three main choices:
• Do nothing – accept hazard
• Adjust to living in hazardous place , get
insurance, strengthen your home and prepare
• Leave the area
Check for Hazards in the Home
Disaster kit……
What other preparations does the
video mention?
Earthquake proof buildings
Use of foundations
with rubber layers
allows buildings to
easily move by up
to several inches
and absorb
sideways
movement. These
are called base
isolators.
Cross bracing. This allows
buildings to twist on their
foundations and not
collapse.
Base
isolators
When a building is built away (isolated) from
the ground
It will only move a little or not at all during an
earthquake instead of moving with the
ground
Use a roof counterweight on
the building. When the
building moves one way,
the counterweight moves
the other way and keeps it
upright!!
Taipei Tower: The 508m (1,667-foot) Taipei 101
Tower would sway back and forth up to 60cm (2
feet) each way within five seconds.
The Taipei 101 engineers included a 662 tonne
(730-ton) counter giant pendulum to act as a
counter weight.
Buildings designed and
constructed in regular patterns
– square, rectangular, cuboid or
even triangular – have the ability
reduce seismic forces spreading
the shaking equally through the
whole building.
Irregular-shaped buildings
distribute earthquake forces in
such a completely random and
uneven fashion that building
collapse is virtually inevitable.
Ensure all part of a building a
firmly attached to each other
eg. The house to the foundation
and the roof to the building
Will building
reinforcements
work for all
countries?
To a certain
extent: yes!
Simple design
for LICs
Adjustment to hazard: Earthquake
proof buildings
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=lI1M8o0BHPc
• In a high rise building shock waves increase
as they move ________________
• Buildings that are close together _________
vibrations
• ________ parts of a building are when
different parts meet
• ____________ soil or weak rock cause
problems with foundations
• _____________ strengthens a building and
_______________ separate it from the
shaking ground
Amplify
Base
isolators
Weakest
Upwards
Soft
Cross
bracing
Task
• Design a earthquake proof building
• Your building should take into consideration
design, construction and geology
• Pick between 6-8 characteristics
• Draw your building at the centre of your page.
• Label your building to describe the
characteristics you’ve chosen and explain why
you’ve included them.
Pick between 5-10 characteristics from the
list below
Triangular
shape
Short building
Square shape
Circular shape
X bracing
Tall building
Base isolators
K bracing
Counterweights
Shock
absorbers
Fixed base
No bracing
Steel
Concrete
Stone
Wood
Glass
Bricks
Plastic
Tiles
Sand
Soft mud
Hard bedrock
Reclaimed
land
Steep Slope
Flat land
Near a fault
line
Away from a
fault
Peer Assessment
- One positive comment – what did they do
really well?
- One improvement – what could they do
better?
Write your comments neatly!
Aim: To understand adjustment to an earthquake
Triangular
shape
Square shape
Circular shape
X bracing
Short building
Tall building
Base isolators
K bracing
Counterweights
Shock
absorbers
Fixed base
No bracing
Steel
Concrete
Paper
Wood
Glass
Bricks
Plastic
Tiles
Sand
Soft mud
Hard bedrock
Reclaimed land
Steep Slope
Flat land
Near a fault line
Away from a
fault
Design a earthquake proof building
Your building should take into consideration
design, construction and geology
Pick between 5-10 characteristics
Draw your building at the centre of your page.
Label your building to describe the
characteristics you’ve chosen and explain why
you’ve included them.