Transcript Planning and Design Rationale Architectural Style

Zhuhai, China
Planning and Design Rationale
Design Concept
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The concept consists of a complex of three distinct yet richly connected buildings that relate
clearly to their natural and built context.
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In this design, the natural harmony of the original land form is restored, while at the same
time, currently existing grades are used wherever possible to minimize earthworks. Grade
changes play an important role in shaping and defining the architectural concept.
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In the Site Plan, each of the buildings has a somewhat different orientation. The
southernmost building, the administration block, is oriented to the road and lake to the
south. The middle building, the classroom block, is aligned to the road to the east, and the
northernmost building, the laboratory block, is aligned to the slope of the mountain.
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The laboratory portion of the laboratory building nestles into the natural hillside in the north
east portion of the site, sitting above, and thus sheltering the entry porch and informal
outdoor gathering deck of the laboratory/ classroom combination. This hovering mass, with
its crowning skylight and thermal chimney, provides a strong visual focus and iconic
presence for the site.
Planning and Design Rationale
Design Concept
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The main entry to the complex as a whole is provided by a 2 ½ storey glass atrium with its
glass roof sloped to reveal this focus. The visual and movement axis of the atrium is directly
aligned with the centre (conical skylight) of the laboratory building set into its verdant
mountainside setting– a powerful image of the interplay of man-made object and nature
symbolic of the character of the campus as a whole.
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The main entry atrium thus provides a visual orientation to the complex, offers access to
every part of the complex, and provides a bright and lofty meeting and gathering place for
students, staff and visitors.
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Meeting and gathering places, both indoor and outdoor, are placed in strategic locations
throughout the complex to facilitate and encourage social contact and communication.
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The green roof of the classroom block provides a garden roof terrace , overlooking the new
lake which has been created in the western portion of the site, and itself overlooked by the
laboratory block and upper floor offices. This roof garden is accessible directly via stairs
from the central plaza or a bridge from the office block.
Planning and Design Rationale
Movement / Connections
• Pedestrians
There are 4 pedestrian pathways traversing the site from south to north and connecting all
of the buildings and outdoor spaces. These are shown and described on the “Movement”
Plan.
• Vehicles
Service and private vehicles share the road on the east side of the site. Service vehicles
proceed to a service dock at the rear of the Laboratory block. Short term parking spaces are
provided off of the Central Square. At this stage, no underground parking has been shown.
Planning and Design Rationale
Architectural Style
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At Zhuhai we have the benefit of starting fresh, without the stylistic constraints of an older
campus where a “traditional” or historic style may already have been established. It makes
sense for the architecture here to express the present, and the future, and to have the
simplicity, strength and unity of form to enhance and emphasize the natural environment of
greenery, mountains and lakes at Zhuhai. This new tradition has already begun to take root
at Zhuhai with the Library, Teaching Buildings, and recently completed Media Design
School. The Administration Complex is meant to continue and emphasize this direction.
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Simple, elemental, strong forms provide a sense of power that is appropriate to the
importance of this building on the campus.
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Other forms are used for their symbolic significance. For example, as well as serving the
important function of providing natural light and enhancing energy efficiency, the conical
form of the laboratory block skylight and thermal chimney provides a symbolic presence,
enhancing and dramatizing the experience of entering the main atrium, while at the same
echoing the form of the Phoenix Mount in its backdrop.
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The architecture also embraces a vocabulary which expresses the implementation of
devices that enhance sustainability and energy efficiency. The conical skylight and thermal
chimney referred to above is an example of this. Louvers used to shade south-facing glass
is another (see Street Elevation).
Planning and Design Rationale
Architectural Style
The Hunter Museum in Chattanooga Tennessee is a good example of a building which uses simple elemental forms
juxtaposed to nature to create a sense of strength and power
Planning and Design Rationale
Energy-saving and Virescence
“Green buildings are far superior to their conventional counterparts, typically including features
such as:
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Siting to minimise stress on natural systems…
Durable, thermally efficient roofs, walls and windows that reduce heating and cooling and enhance
thermal comfort.
Building form, orientation and thermal mass optimized for … natural ventilation and daylighting…
Significantly smaller and more efficient HVAC and electrical lighting systems.
Water efficient supply and waste fixtures.
Adaptable interior designs, providing visual access to the outdoors and access to daylight.
Interior finishes and installation methods having lower toxic emissions.
Landscaping that requires little or no irrigation or application of synthetic chemicals, manages and
treats stormwater and non-point-of-source pollution on site, and replenishes groundwater
supplies,…”
Canadian Green Building Council
LEED
Green Building Rating System
Reference Package
Planning and Design Rationale
Energy-saving and Virescence
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This passage from the Canadian LEED manual summarizes the characteristics of
Sustainable Building Design. Though many of these involve details that are beyond the
scope of this presentation, and which may be considered at a more detailed design stage,
those that may be shown at this stage of the design include:
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Building siting and planning to minimize west facing glass
Use of special low-e glass for hot climates (the best of this type of glass has a green tint as
indicated on the Elevation drawing).
Use of horizontal louvers to shade south-facing glass.
Skylights or, in the case of the upper floor offices in the administrative block, a clerestory
roof monitor window to provide natural light into “deep” interior spaces.
Green roofs to provide superior insulation, aid in tempering storm water runoff, and at the
same time provide useful roof gardens.
Thermal chimneys for natural ventilation to augment mechanical air conditioning systems.
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Planning and Design Rationale
Energy-saving and Virescence
At York University in Toronto louvers shading south-facing glass provide a
distinctive and attractive architectural effect.