Transcript Innovative War - The Kennesaw Advisory Group

Innovative Warehouse Design
Council of Supply Chain Management
Professionals Global Conference
Warehousing Innovations
Track 20
Session E-1
Doug Pope
Innovative Warehouse
Design
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Overview
• Green is gold
– All engineering disciplines are trying to develop
strategies to reduce energy use and to create
sustainable designs
• The future is a big place
– Designing in as much flexibility as possible to
accommodate future developments
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Overview of Sustainable Design & Construction
•
LEED – What is it?
Leadership in Energy & Environment Design
US Green Building Council (USGBC)
System for integrating sustainable design strategies into
building projects
Types of Projects that can be LEED Certified:
• New Construction
• Existing Buildings
• Commercial Interiors
• Core & Shell
• Schools, Retail, Health Care
LEED Accredited Professionals (LEED AP)
Overview of Sustainable Design & Construction
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency
Energy and Atmosphere
Materials and Resources
Indoor Air Quality
Innovation and Design Process
Regional Priority Credits
26 points
10 points
35 points
14 points
15 points
6 points
4 points
110 points
Overview of Sustainable Design & Construction
• Sustainable Design & the LEED
Score Card
Platinum
80-110
Gold
Silver
60-79
Certified
40-49
50-59
Not Certified
0-40
Points
Site Considerations
• Brownfield vs. Greenfield
• Site specific seismic analysis
– Costs $5,000 to $12,000
– Not always a benefit (ask a geo-tech engineer)
– Yields less steel
– Ripples through other disciplines
– Get the results early so they can be inexpensively
incorporated in design
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Site Considerations
• Orient building to capture as much sunlight as possible
– Orienting windows to the South maximizes sunlight entering the
building
– Stopping summer sun from penetrating the building through
overhangs and landscaping
– Vents in the roof allow rising heat to escape
– Integrated with the building’s electrical system
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Landscaping
• Using natural vegetation
– Limiting the use of grass to eliminate mowing and
irrigation
• Collecting rainwater in cisterns for irrigation and toilets
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Landscaping
• Graywater Processing
– All waste water except toilet
– Usually used for subsurface irrigation of nonedible plants
– Acceptable uses depend on the amount of
treatment
– Sometimes hard to get permitted
Landscaping
• Using pervious materials
– Pervious pavers in parking
areas
– White pavers to lower heat
island effect
– Using concrete instead of
asphalt to lower heat island
effect
– The goal is to have storm
water runoff volumes equal
to predevelopment levels
• Collecting rainwater in cisterns
for irrigation and toilets
– Pre-ponds
– Underground separation
tanks
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Landscaping
• Reducing the amount of disturbed area
through the use of underground parking or
parking decks
• Waste diversion
– Trees to mulch
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Landscaping
• Light trespass
– No light off the site
– Down lighting so you
don’t illuminate the
night
• Night sky compliant
fixtures
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Landscaping
• Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
• Helix wind turbine testing
– Smaller footprint than typical wind turbines
– Generates enough electricity to power a battery room
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Building Envelope
• Roofs
– Single ply white PVC roof
• Mechanically installed
• Heat welded seams
– R-12 insulation in roof
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Building Envelope
• Roofs
– The Tesco photovoltaic roof
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Building Envelope
• Roofs
– Grass roofs
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Building Envelope
• Walls
– Insulated metal panels particularly in temperature
controlled spaces
• Requires curbing for protection
– R-30 insulation in walls
– Reflective ceilings
– High level windows
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Building Envelope
• Slabs
– Shrink compensated flooring
• Particularly in high traffic areas
• Continuous pour
• No control joint
– A hardener is recommended
– Selection of a reputable slab contractor is critical
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Building Envelope
• Slabs
– Fiber reinforced floors
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Micro-fibers are adding to the concrete
Eliminates steel reinforcement
May not need dowels at joints
Allows the truck to drive on the site eliminating
pumping
– Super flat floors
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Building Envelope
• Door Systems
– Impactable knockout doors
– Hydraulic or airbag levelers
– Vertical dock levelers in temperature controlled
docks
• Design of controls for safety
– Air curtain doors to prevent vapor infiltration in
temperature controlled areas
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Lighting
• Daylighting
– Decreasing energy use
by installing skylights in
combination with
smoke vents
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Lighting
Interior Electrical Lighting
– Fluorescent Lighting
except in freezers
• T-5 or T-8
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Lighting
• Lighting Controls
– Computer controlled timers for all areas
– Motion sensors
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HVAC Equipment and Systems
• Cooling Equipment Efficiencies
– Night flush air vents for summer
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HVAC Systems
heat release from mass
end of night flush
start of night flush
Thermal Mass Temps.
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Temperature (C)
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Ambient
Air Temp
Mass Temp
heat gain by mass
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12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
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23
Hours
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HVAC Equipment and Systems
• Heating Equipment
Efficiencies
– Radiant heat system
with ceiling mounted
radiant panels
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HVAC Equipment and Systems
• Supply Fans
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Refrigeration
• Ammonia vs. Freon
– Smaller ammonia based systems are being
installed
• Ammonia is the least expensive refrigerant in terms of
acquisition, operating expense, and replacement cost
• Requires RMP reporting
• Refrigeration system needs to be isolated using a
secondary coolant to provide cooling to the space
(propylene glycol)
• Some energy penalties associated with the secondary
coolant
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Refrigeration
• Ammonia vs. Freon
– 300 tons is the current limit
– 404 and 410 are the main remaining Freon types
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Refrigeration
• Variable Frequency Drives
– Based on sensor feedback
– Potential for hot spots
– Inexpensive to install
• Compressors
• Evaporators
• Drives
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Refrigeration
• Carbon dioxide refrigerant used in conjunction
with ammonia
– Effective at very low temperatures
• Benefit can be obtained by raising or lowering
equipment operating temperatures as product is being
chilled (blast freezing)
– IIAR in conjunction with several other
organizations are studying the potential
application of ammonia and CO2 cascade systems
• There are some successes but the conditions for
success are very specific
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Refrigeration
• Other topics
– Use of motorized valves to control refrigerant flow
and to provide a more stable operating
environment
– Coatings on piping and vessels to reduce future
corrosion
– LED lights are being examined
– Thicker insulation
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Plumbing
• Low Flow Toilets
• Waterless fixtures
• Gray water treatment
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Fire Protection
• Upright sprinkler heads
– Supplied from a wet
system in a heated space
– Eliminates the need for
in-rack sprinklers in
temperature controlled
areas
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Material Handling Design
Considerations
• Building dimensions
– Distribution center
– Storage facility
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Dock Depths
Maximizing floor to truss storage density
Avoiding future expense through design
Application of automation
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Material Handling Design
Considerations
• Column spacing and flexibility
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Material Handling Design
Considerations
• Column spacing and flexibility
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Material Handling Design
Considerations
• Column spacing and flexibility
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Material Handling Design
Considerations
• Column spacing and flexibility
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Material Handling Design
Considerations
• Application of automation
– Look for where it fits
• Avoiding future expense through design
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Other Considerations
BIM (Building Information Modeling)
3-dimensional design
Facilitates collaboration between disciplines on design
Highly efficient
Enables earlier design visualization
Program identifies design conflicts
Saves time and money by eliminating need for re-design
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Other Considerations
BIM (Building Information Modeling)
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Other Considerations
Charge in place systems
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Other Considerations
Recycling waste through anaerobic digestion
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Economic Benefits of
Sustainable Design
Initial Cost Premiums
- Certified 1% to 3 %
- Silver
3% to 6%
- Gold
5% to 8%
- Platinum 10% to 15%
Overall Cost Premiums
- Certified
1%
- Silver
2%
- Gold
4%
- Platinum
7%
Due to the “menu based” LEED system it is possible to select a
slate of credits that has very little first cost impact an a 3 -5
year payback on any first cost premiums
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In Conclusion
• There are a number of innovative techniques
being developed that have potential to
positively impact distribution center and
manufacturing plant design
• Integrating a well designed facility with
effective material handling processes and
methods yields the lowest life cycle
distribution costs
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In Conclusion
• There are a number of environmentally
sensitive strategies being considered in all
engineering disciplines
• Careful study will determine which strategies
meet corporate profitability and corporate
responsibility goals
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Thank You
Doug Pope
Kennesaw Advisory Group
[email protected]
770-330-4172
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