Transcript Religions of the World

Religions of the World:
Judaism
Hebrews - Founders of Judaism:

Most sacred text - Torah

They once lived in Mesopotamia and
migrated to Canaan.

Monotheistic/One god

Ten Commandments (laws) – Appear
2x in the Torah (Exodus and
Deuteronomy)
Prophets:

Urged Hebrews to obey God’s laws

Preached strong code of ethics (moral
standards)

Urged personal morality and social
justice, calling on the rich and powerful
to protect the poor and weak
Hebrews:
Established Israel by 1000 B.C.
 Solomon’s temple built in Jerusalem
 Lived under foreign rulers until about
2000 years ago when they were forced
to leave their homeland
 The scattering of Jews sent them to
different parts of the world… Diaspora
 They kept close knit communities and
kept their traditions
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First 5 books of Torah:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Bar Mitzvah:
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Boys become responsible for
observing the commandments
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Happens when they’re 13
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Bat Mitzvah - same thing for girls
(when they reach the age of 12)
Kosher:
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The type of food that an Orthodox Jew must
always eat
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Observing Jewish food laws
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Restrictions on the foods suitable for Jews
are derived from rules in the books of
Leviticus and Deuteronomy

Strict observance of these rules today is
confined mainly to Orthodox Jews
Kosher (Continued):
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Restrictions include:
a. Animals must be slaughtered and
prepared in a prescribed way (i.e., blood
is drained from the body)
b. Certain creatures (notably pigs and
shellfish) are forbidden altogether
c. Only animals that chew their cud and
have cloven hooves are kosher. Thus,
beef, sheep, lamb, goats and deer may
be eaten as long as they have no
diseases or flaws
Kosher (Continued):
d. Pig, camel and rabbits are
forbidden to eat
e. Meat and milk must not be
combined or eaten together at the
same meal (3-6 hours apart)
f. Separate utensils must be kept for
each
Moses:
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Person who led the Jews out of Egypt
rabbi:

Religious teacher of Judaism
Animal never eaten by Jewish b/c it
has split hooves and is unclean:

pig
Holy Land for Jewish people:

Israel
CHRISTIANITY:
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Founder was a Jew named Jesus
Was prophesied to be the messiah (savior
sent by God to lead the Jews to freedom)
Teachings of Jesus are firmly rooted in
Jewish religion
Believed in 1 God / accepted the 10
commandments (laws given to Jews)
Jesus called himself the son of God and
taught that his mission was to bring salvation
and eternal life to all of God’s children
Mercy/sympathy for poor and helpless
Include forgiveness and love for enemies
Continued…

Followers believed Jesus had risen
from the dead and ascended into
heaven.
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Eventually, some Jews accepted
Christ’s teachings and became the first
Christians

Was a sect of Judaism until it spread
to non-Jews
Catholicism:
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Was the only type of Christianity when
it first started
Other major group of
Christianity:

Protestant

Any form of Christianity that does not
fall under Catholicism or Eastern
Orthodox Christian are considered
Protestants (i.e., Baptist, Lutheran,
Mormon, Presbyterian, Methodist,
Evangelical, Episcopal, Amish,
Mennonite, Jehovah’s Witness, etc.,)
The Trinity:
Father
 Son
 Holy spirit / ghost
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First 4 books of the New
Testament:
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Gospels
Pope:
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Leader of the Catholic Church
Baptism:
The religious rite of sprinkling water onto
the forehead of a person (usually when
he/she is an infant) or immersing him/her
in water, symbolizing admission to the
Christian Church. Some, however, think
it is to remove original sin (purification).
 Some Christians believe this shouldn’t
be done until one is an adult so that the
person can truly understand what it is
that’s happening and can take an active
part

Crucifixion:
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Method used to kill Jesus, which was a
typical form of execution during that
time