Transcript Judaism
Students are going to examine the history, beliefs, and practices of Judaism Examine the star above and be prepared to share with me what this symbol represents Abraham’s Genealogy HAGAR ABRAHAM Ishmael 12 Arabian Tribes SARAH Isaac Jacob 12 Tribes of Israel Esau Judaism • The religion of Judaism began 4000 years ago when a group of Hebrews were taught to believe in one God by a prophet named Abraham • Abraham led the Hebrews from Sumer to Canaan, where they settled and became farmers. • This land today is called Israel Abraham’s Journeys The Hebrews in Egypt • Famine forced Abraham's people to move from Canaan to Egypt. • In Egypt the Hebrews were enslaved for 400 years Moses • Moses, who was the “son” of the Egyptian pharaoh led the Hebrews out of Egypt and back to Canaan around 1290 BCE • What do you know about this story? • Did the Pharaoh willingly let the Hebrews leave? Route of the Exodus The Ten Commandments • During the journey of the Exodus, or escape, God gave Moses the laws that were to govern his people. • These laws were written on two stone tablets, and became known as the ten commandments • The ten commandment are the corner stone of Jewish law governing religious beliefs and behavior • The ten commandments forbid lying, stealing, and murder. They urge people to obey their parents and respect neighbors property. • The Jews believed that God wanted them to obey the Ten Commandments Moses and the 10 Commandments A new “covenant” with Yahweh Mount Sinai Ancient Hebrews Basic Beliefs Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People the basic source of Jewish belief is found in the torah, which comprises the first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament). The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition. It contains the basis of all Jewish law and the history of the Jewish people. The Torah The original Hebrew words in the torah are written onto a scroll by a scribe. God • Judaism teaches Monotheism…..what does that mean? • Judaism teaches that god is forgiving, and that people should live their life showing love, respect, and care for other people. Ancient Hebrews Practices The Talmud states… • Another important Jewish • The Talmud also concerns rules on praying . Jews holy book is the Talmud are to pray three times • The law of following daily facing Jerusalem Kosher is included in • In death, Jewish people the Talmud. Kosher laws believe that the rich and poor are equal and state how food can be no distinctions should prepared and a list of be made foods that are either • Funeral services are permitted or forbidden very simple, no flowers, to be eaten. and burials should take • Pigs, Rabbits, place within 24 hours of the death. Shellfish, and birds of prey are forbidden Talmud States Con’t… • Jewish children attend Hebrew school or • Wearing of a fringed religious school as prayer shawl called a well as their regular tallith and the school. wearing of a yamelkah (head covering) • At the age of 13, a boy must be able to • Affix a small plaque read a section from containing a prayer to the Torah scroll in their doorposts, this Hebrew to mark his plaque is called a entry into the adult Mezuzah community. This ceremony is called a Bar Mitzvah. Ancient Hebrews Holidays Sabbath • Day of rest, is a time for prayer and for thinking about God • Special weekly festival and a day set aside to be with family and friends • You light candles, have blessings over wine • Begins at Friday sundown and continues until sundown on Saturday Rosh Hashanah • The Jewish New Year • At this time people have a chance to make the next year better • The holiday is celebrated by special services in the synagogue, eating sweet foods to symbolize a sweet new year, and by the blowing of a ram’s horn called a shofar Yom Kippur • Known as the Day of Atonement, is the most scared day of the Jewish year • Takes place 10 days after Rosh Hashanah • On this day all Jewish people are judged by God for what they did during the past year. • You ask God for forgiveness, for any mistakes or bad things that you may have done. • Eating and drinking are forbidden, and the ENTIRE day is spent in synagogue services praying to God. Hanukah, Chanukah • “festival of Lights” • Celebrates the miracle of the holy oil that unexpectedly burned in the Temple for eight days after small Jewish army defeated the Syrians • Celebrated for eight days by lighting candles in a menorah. Passover • The Festival of Matzos • Eight day holiday that celebrates the time the ancient Jewish people were released from slavery in Egypt. • During the eight days the eating of any food containing yeast is forbidden. • Celebrate Passover with a special meal called the Seder Judaism • The real center of Jewish life is the family and home • There are many more Jewish holiday’s and all of them honor the Jewish people as a whole.