Transcript File

How do you think a governments laws
might differ from religious laws?
 Hebrew
history began
when God told an early
Hebrew leader to travel
west to a new land.
 Between 2000 – 1500
B.C. new groups of
people appeared in SW
Asia.
 They were the a group
of simple herders called
the Hebrews.
 Judaism is the Hebrew
religion founded by
Abraham.
 Abraham
is considered a
Prophet.
 Prophets are people
who are said to receive
messages from God to
be taught to others.
 According to the most
sacred text of Judaism,
the Torah, Abraham a
Shepard from Ur is
considered the first
Jew.
3
parts make up the
Hebrew Bible.
 The Torah is the most
important & comprised
or made up of 5 books.
 The Torah contains laws
& the history of the Jews
until the death of Moses.
 The 2nd part is made up
of 8 books that describe
Hebrew prophets.
 The 3rd part is made up
of 11 books of poetry,
songs, stories, lessons, &
histories.
The Torah means “To
Teach” in Hebrew.
 The Torah contains 613
Commandments.
 Jews are not allowed to
touch the Torah with
their hand, they have to
use a pointer.
 The paper parchment
can’t be decorated only
the outside of the scroll.
 All Torah’s are hand
written
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 The
Torah says God
spoke to Abraham &
told him to leave his
home of Mesopotamia
and west with his
family.
 Abraham settled in
Canaan (KAY-nuhn) on
the Mediterranean Sea.
 He and his descendants
lived their for many
years.
 It
is believed, over the
years, a large group of
Hebrews left Canaan
because of a famine
(extreme lack of food), a
headed to Egypt.
 The Pharaohs or kings of
Egypt worried because
the Hebrew population
grew so quickly.
 To stop the Hebrews
from becoming too
powerful he made them
into slaves.
Moses was among the
Hebrews in Egypt in
1200 B.C.
 According to the Torah,
God told Moses to free
the Hebrews and lead
them out of Egypt.
 After the Pharaohs
refuse Moses, a number
of terrible Plagues
strike.
 Fearful the pharaohs
agreed to free the
Jews.

 Moses
lead his
people out of
Egypt in a journey
called the Exodus.
 For many years,
the Hebrews
wandered the
Sinai Desert trying
to return to
Canaan around
1400 – 1200 B.C.
 While
wandering they
came across Mt. Sinai.
 This is where god gave
Moses two stone tablets
called the Ten
Commandments.
 The Ten
Commandments are a
code of moral laws.
 Unlike other laws, the
Ten Commandments did
not list a series of
punishments or crimes.
 It provided guidance for
worship of God.
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And God spoke all these words:
2 “I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.
3 “You shall have no other gods before[a] me.
4 “You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on
the earth beneath or in the waters below. 5 You shall not bow down to them or
worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin
of the parents to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, 6 but showing love
to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.
7 “You shall not misuse the name of the LORD your God, for the LORD will not hold anyone
guiltless who misuses his name.
8 “Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your
work, 10 but the seventh day is a sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not do any
work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your
animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns. 11 For in six days the LORDmade the
heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh
day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.
12 “Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land the LORD your
God is giving you.
13 “You shall not murder.
14 “You shall not commit adultery.
15 “You shall not steal.
16 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his
male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”
 The
Hebrews continued
wandering for another 40
years before they
returned.
 Many small wars broke
out as they need to fight
armies of Canaanites
before they could settle
down.
 The Hebrews became
known as Israelites and
developed small and
scattered communities
with no central
government.
 King
David united the
Hebrews in the face of
war and extinction
against the Philistines.
 King David is most
known for defeating the
Philistine giant Goliath.
 King David was loved for
his military skill and
poetry.
 He created the capital
of Israel, Jerusalem
Solomon was the son
of David and became
king in 965 B.C.
 He made Israel very
rich through trade
and built a great
temple to honor God
in Jerusalem.
 This temple became
the center of Jewish
religious life & a
symbol of their faith.

 After
the death of
Solomon around 930
B.C. people began
to fight for power
and Israel tore
apart.
 Israel split into two
kingdoms; Israel &
Judah.

The people of Judah
became known as
Jews.
 Most
important belief,
is the belief in one
God.
 Judaism is the oldest
monotheistic religion
still practiced today.

Worshiping 1 God = weird
 The
Hebrew name for
God is YHWH, but Jews
never pronounce it
because it is too holy.
 Education
of
Jewish religion
 Kindness and
Fairness
 Doing what is
proper
 Sabbath
(Shabbat)
= day of rest
 Can’t eat pork or
Shellfish
considered
unclean.