Transcript World Religions

Unit 10
Religions of the World
Introduction to Religion
IV. The 5 major religions are…
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Hinduism
Judaism
Buddhism
Christianity
Islam
The Ka’bah
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
The Wailing Wall - Jerusalem, Israel
IV. World Religions
A.
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.
Judaism
Judaism is an ethnic religion
a. Jews are born into their faith
b There are 12 million Jews spread
across the world half of which live in
U.S.
2. Origins
 a. the first of the three religions based from the
people of Abraham.
 b. founded in Middle East 3500 years ago by
Moses.
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3. Beliefs
a. Is a monotheistic religion – there is one God
b. The Jewish people are the chosen people
c. In exchange for all the good that God has
done for the Jewish people, Jewish people
keep God’s laws and try to bring holiness
into every aspect of their lives.
4. Religious Text
 a. Tenakh- The Old Testament
 b. Torah- first 5 books of the Old Testament
that contain the teachings of Moses from God.
 c. Talmud- collection of writings of thoughts
and discussions of rabbis.
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5. Worship
 a. Synagogues – meeting place for worship
 b. Rabbis lead worship with singing and
readings from the Torah in Hebrew.
 Yarmulke- a skull cap worn during worship
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6. Holy Days
a. Yom Kippur (day of atonement)- 10 days after the
Jewish New Year.
b. Passover- in April marks the day the Jewish people
were saved from the Plague in Egypt.
c. Hanukkah -The word Hanukkah means
rededication and commemorates the Jews' struggle
for religious freedom.
d. Sabbath- Jewish holy day starts sunset Friday and
last till sunset Saturday.
Lighting the Menorah
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7. Holocaust- the persecution and extermination of 6
million Jews by the Nazis during WWII.
Zionism- ideology based on the desire for a
homeland. Helped lead to the formation of Israel in
1948.
Judaism Video……..Describe the following:
1.
Judaism branches:
2.
Judaism holy books:
3.
Prophets:
4.
The Covenant:
5.
Holy days/Events:
6.
Influence of the religion on daily life:
B. Christianity
 Originated in the 1st century CE
 The 2nd of 3 religions beginning with Abraham
 monotheistic
 Based on the teachings of Jesus Christ
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Beliefs
Believe in one God
Believe that Jesus was the Messiah
promised in the Old Testament.
Jesus Christ is the Son of God.
God sent his Son to earth to save
humanity from the consequences of its
sins. (salvation)
The Holy Trinity
2. Religious Scriptures
a.
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The Bible
Old Testament- same as Jewish Tenakh
New Testament- life and teachings of
Jesus. Tells how to reach salvation.
3. Worship
 a. Churches- places of worship
 b. led by priest
 c. ceremonies- place for baptisms, weddings,
funerals, confirmation.
a.
b.
c.
d.
4. Religious Holidays
Christmas- Birth of Jesus Christ
Good Friday- The death of Christ
Easter- The resurrection of Christ
Lent- Period before Easter when Christians
remember their sins
Christ on the cross ©
5. Branches of Christianity
a.
b.
c.
Roman Catholic
Eastern Orthodox
Protestant
Baptist church in Alabama
Cathedral of St
Basil, Moscow
Pope Benedict XVI, formerly
6. The diffusion of Christianity
 a. Christian missionaries have helped
spread the faith around the world.
 b. European colonialism help spread
Christianity into North and South America.
Christianity Video……..Describe the following:
2.
Christian branches:
3.
Christian holy books:
4.
How Christianity Spread
5.
Worship/Rituals
C. Islam - fastest growing religion
1.
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What do Muslims Believe?
God or Allah spoke to prophets including
Abraham,Moses, and Jesus.
God also spoke to Muhammad in 7th
century A.D. and Muhammad founded
Islam.
One God – Allah
People should purify themselves through
submission to Allah’s will.
2. Religious Scriptures
a.
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The Qur’an (Koran)
Revelations received by Muhammad from
God.
Hadith – sayings of Muhammad
Sunnah - the examples of Muhammad
3. The Five Pillars of Islam
a.
b.
c.
1st pillar: Shahada- “There is no God but
Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger
of Allah”
2nd Pillar: Salat- Muslims will pray five
times a day towards Mecca.
3rd Pillar: Zakat- almsgivings or giving to
the sick and poor.
d. 4th Pillar: Sawm- Fasting during Ramadan
No food or drink from dawn till sunset.
e. 5th Pillar: Hajj- Make a Pilgrimage to
Mecca at least once during life
4. Worship
a. Mosque- place Muslims go to worship
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Leave shoes outside & wash before
entering Mosque
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Everyone sits on the floor
b. Imam- Religious teachers that lead
prayers.
5. Sects- after death of Muhammad, Islam
Broke into 2 sects
a.
b.
Sunnis- are orthodox Muslims who follow
traditional path shown by Muhammad.
Comprise Majority & believe leader
should be elected.
Shiites- Believe leader should be a blood
relation to Muhammad. Hold Majority in
Iran and Iraq.
6. Diffusion of Islam
1.
2.
3.
Kings of Arabian Peninsula were
converted to Islam in 7th century C.E. and
used armies to spread Islam to Northern
Africa.
Through trade routes spread Islam to
Southeast Asia.
Migration of Muslims to Europe and
North America.
Map of diffusion
Islam Video……..Describe the following:
1.
Islam Branches:
2.
Islam holy books:
3.
Prophets:
4.
5.
6.
Islamic Law:
Holy days/Events:
Influence of Islam on daily life: