Transcript Jesus Proclaims the Kingdom Mark 1:14-45

New Testament
Background
Palestine in the Days
of Jesus
Palestine in the Days of Jesus
Judea
•Jerusalem
•Bethlehem
•Mt. of Olives
Samaria
Galilee
•Nazareth
•Capernaum
Palestine in the Days of Jesus
Other
Features:
•Sea of Galilee
•Jordan River
•Dead Sea
•Great Sea
(Mediterranean Sea)
•Decapolis
•Caesarea
Philippi
Roman Empire 150 A.D.
Earliest Churches
Politics and Power
The Family Line of Herod
Dates
Names
Scriptures
37 - 4 BC
Herod the Great
Matt 2:1
4 BC AD 39
Herod Antipas
Tetrarch of Galilee and Perea
Luke 3:1, Mark
6:17-29, 8:15, etc.
4 BC AD 6
Herod Archelaus
Ethnarch of Samaria, Judea,
and Idumea
Matt 2:22
4 BC AD 39
Herod Philip
Tertrarch of Iturea and
Trachonitis
Luke 3:1
AD 37 44
Herod Agrippa I
(see above*)
Acts 12:1-3, 21-23
53 - 93
Herod Agrippa II
Tetrarch of Iturea and
Trachonitis; c. 56 also parts of
Galilee and Perea
Acts 25:13-26:32
Question:
Take a few minutes and reflect on
these questions,
1. What are the core issues/values in
your life?
2. What can you not live without?
3. Maybe ask it this way, what
defines your life?
Second Temple Judaism
Jesus is Lord defines the core of early
Judaism as the Four Pillars of
Judaism (pg. 65)
1. Monotheism
2. Election
3. Covenant
4. Land
Second Temple Judaism
Let’s now examine those
cultural/religious/political
entities which make up what
is commonly called:
Second-Temple Judaism
(Judaism in Jesus’ Day)
Second Temple Judaism
a. Torah
Law plus Oral Tradition
Second Temple Judaism
b. Temple
Holy building with compromised
leaders
Temple
Temple
(35 acres)
Court of Gentiles
Court of Israel
Court of
Women
Holy of Holies
Holy Place
Herod’s Temple in Jerusalem
“Culture Centers…”
“… consist in the point or points in
a society where its leading ideas
come together with its leading
institutions to create an arena in
which the events that most vitally
affect its members’ lives take
place.”
Clifford Geertz, Local Knowledge
Second Temple Judaism
c. Land
God’s Chosen people as Tenants
Second Temple Judaism
d. Messianic Hope
Davidic Messiah (Warrior-King)
to Restore Land
Priestly Messiah
to Restore Temple
& Law
Religious / Political Groups
1. Pharisees (and scribes)
Primarily 1st half of Gospels. Jesus was a threat
to their teaching
2. Sadducees (and chief priests)
Primarily 2nd half of Gospels. Jesus was threat to
the temple practices.
3. Essenes
Qumran / Dead Sea (Maybe John the Baptist)
4. Revolutionaries / Zealots
Simon the Zealot (maybe Judas Iscariot)
Religious / Political Groups
5. Samaratians
Luke 10 / John 4 / Acts 1:8
6. Herodians
Mark 3:6, 12:13
7. Sanhedrin / Jewish Ruling Council
At trial of Jesus in Gospels
At trials of Apostles in Book of Acts
Literature of the Jews
1. Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
•Hebrew •Septuagint (LXX)
2. Rabbinic Writings
•Talmud (Codification of the Oral Tradition)
•Targums (Aramaic Translation of the OT)
3. Dead Sea Scrolls
4. Apocrypha