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What do Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have in common? Belief about God Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all monotheistic, that is they all believe in 1 God. Each religion has a different name for God: YHWH, Lord, and Allah. Origin All three religions originated on the continent of Asia, in the Middle East. Judaism and Christianity began in present-day Israel and Islam in Saudi Arabia. Person Abraham Considered to be the father of monotheism (the belief in 1 God) and therefore the father to all 3 religions. Sarah+Abraham+Hagar Isaac (Judaism) (Christianity) Ishmael (Islam) http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_1/abraham.html The city of Jerusalem Islam- Christianity Dome of the Rock: Muhammad ascended into heaven. Church of the Holy Sepulcher: Judaism Wailing Wall: Only remaining Wall of the Temple of Solomon. http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/saudiarabia_mecca?s ource=relatedvideo The ground on which the church stands the Hill of Calvary, where the New Testament says that Jesus was crucified. It is said to also contain the place where Jesus was buried (the sepulcher). What makes each religion unique? Places of worship Mosque (Islam) Church (Christianity) Synagogue or Temple (Judaism) Holy Books The Bible -The Old The Torah - the first and New Testament five books of the Old Testament. (Christianity) (Judaism) The Koran or Qu’ran (Islam) Religious Leaders Imam- a prayer leader of a mosque (Islam) Caliph- head of an Islamic community. Pope, Patriarch, priest, minister, preacher Leaders of various branches of Christianity. Rabbi - the official leader of a synagogue (Judaism) Key Beliefs Judaism • Oldest of the 3 monotheistic religions • Ten Commandments - 1st laws of the Jewish faith. • Holidays such as Passover and Rosh Hashanah • 3 main branches- Orthodox, Conservative and Reform The Ten Commandments Key Beliefs Christianity • Follows the Ten Commandments • Based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ • Many branches- Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and Protestant (Baptist, Methodist, etc.) • The office of the Pope, the head of the Catholic Church is known as the Papacy. Key Beliefs Islam • People who follow Islam are called Muslims • Muhammad is the last and greatest prophet of Islam • The guidelines Muslims follow are known as the Five Pillars • The 2 holiest cities are Mecca and Medina. Both cities are located in Saudi Arabia. • The 2 main branches are Shi’a and Sunni Five Pillars of Islam