Transcript Major Religions of the World - BrettLaGrange

Christianity and Judaism
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What does religion mean to you?
something one believes in and follows devotedly
 usually has some form of “higher power”
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Why do you think religion causes so many
conflicts and wars in the world when it is
supposed to promote peace?
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What religion are you?
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Why do you practice that religion?
Numbers
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Christianity: 1.9 billion people
Islam: 1.1 billion
Hinduism: 800 million
Buddhism: 325 million
Judaism: 13 million
Christianity
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Based on the life and teachings of Jesus
Christ
Originated in Palestine in the 1st century
AD
Believe that Jesus was the son of God who
came and died for people’s sins and then
rose so that all people could be saved
Believe in one God(monotheistic) who
created the universe and all things in it
Christianity originally developed as a part
of Judaism
Christian Way of Life
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Fellowship with God
Our relationships with others
Obedience to God's commands
Discipline
Ten Commandments
Important Days
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Ash Wednesday-Lent
Palm Sunday
Maundy Thursday
Good Friday
Easter
Ascension
Pentecost
Advent
Christmas
Epiphany
Christianity
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The early Hebrews who eventually
developed into the Jewish religion became
the foundation of Christianity.
Jesus, or the Messiah, was a Jewish boy
who disagreed with some of the Jewish
principles of his day began to profess a
new way of thinking.
This eventually led to the beginning of the
Christian religion.
Christianity
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Christianity started about 2000 years ago
about the same time of Jesus.
The central point of Christian belief is that
God, the Father, entered into human
history as the Son, Jesus of Nazereth, and
arose as the Holy Spirit.
Christian Philosophy
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God is the Creator of the universe.
There is one God, Who is
Three PersonsFather, Son and Holy Spirit.
Jesus is both fully man and fully
God. He was born of the Virgin Mary
Crucified, resurrected from the dead,
and ascended to the Father.
Christian Philosophy
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Sin and Evil are realities in our existence.
The Bible is the Holy Book that records
God's revelation.
All believers are promised life everlasting.
The leader of Christianity was Jesus, and
the followers was his 12 disciples.
Judaism
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Is a monotheistic religion
Judaism is the oldest and smallest of the
world's five great religions
Being a part of a Jewish community and
living one's life according to Jewish law
and traditions is very important.
The fundamental beliefs of Judaism are:
-There is a single, all-powerful God,
who created the universe and
everything in it.
-God has a special relationship with the
Jewish people due to covenant that
God made with Moses on Mount
Sinai, 3500 years ago.
Rambam’s 13 Principles of Faith
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G-d exists
G-d is one and unique
G-d is incorporeal
G-d is eternal
Prayer is to be directed to G-d alone and to no other
The words of the prophets are true
Moses’ prophecies are true, and Moses was the
greatest of the prophets
The Written Torah (first 5 books of the Bible) and Oral
Torah were given to Moses
There will be no other Torah
G-d knows the thoughts and deeds of men
G-d will reward the good and punish the wicked
The Messiah will come
The dead will be resurrected
613 Mitzvot
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Judaism 101: List of the 613 Mitzvot
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The Jewish place of worship is called a
Synagogue
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The religious leader of a Jewish
community is called a Rabbi
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Unlike leaders in many other faiths, a
rabbi is not a priest and has no special
religious status
The Jewish holy day, or Sabbath(Shabbat),
starts at sunset on Friday and continues
until sunset on Saturday
During the Sabbath, Jews do not
work(drive, cook, etc)
7 Holy Days
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Rosh Hashanah-Jewish New Year
Yom Kippur-A day of fasting and praying
which occurs 10 days after the first day of
Rosh Hashanah. The holiest day in the
year
Sukkot-8 day festival of thanksgiving
Hanukkah-The Feast of Lights is an 8 day
Feast of Dedication. It recalls the war
fought by the Maccabees in the cause of
religious freedom
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Purim-The Feast of Lots recalls the defeat by
Queen Esther of the plan to slaughter all of
the Persian Jews, circa 400 BC
Pesa(Passover)-The 8 day festival recalls the
exodus of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt
circa 1300 BCE. A holiday meal, the Seder, is
held at home
Shavouth-Pentecost recalls God's revelation
of the Torah to the Jewish people
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Menorah-It is a
symbol of the nation
of Israel and a
mission to be "a light
unto the nations.
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A Yarmulke is worn
during prayer to shoe
respect to G_d
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The Star of David is
the international
symbol of Judaism
Flag of Israel has it
Kosher Foods
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Foods are kosher when they meet all
criteria that Jewish law applies to food
Characteristics that make a food nonkosher:
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the mixture of meat and milk
the use of cooking utensils which had
previously been used for non-kosher food
The type of animal it is
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Leviticus 11:3 says that Jews may eat all
animals that have cloven hooves and chew
their cud
Leviticus 11:4 explicitly prohibited the
consumption of animals that do not have these
characteristics designating them "unclean to
you."
Six mammals are specifically not allowed:
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The camel
The hyrax
The hare
The pig
Whales and dolphins
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Kosher animals are as follows:
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Cows, goats, sheep, antelope, deer, giraffes, okapis and
pronghorns
Most fish(excluding shellfish, sharks, octupus, eels and
squid)
Chicken, duck, turkey
Milk and cheese are kosher but cannot be eaten with meat
or mixed with meat.
Preparation
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the slaughter of animals is designed to minimize the pain—
usually done by a slice across the throat
this eliminates the practice of hunting for food unless it can
be captured alive and ritually slaughtered.
All blood and veins must be removed from meat(salting and
broiling are common methods)
Judaism
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JUDAISM is a religion of just one people:
the Jews.
JUDAISM was the first to teach belief in
only one God. Two other important
religions developed from Judaism:
Christianity and Islam.
Judaism
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Jews think that God will send a Messiah (a
deliverer) to unite them and lead them in
His way.
Christians believe that Jesus was the
Messiah. The Jewish people do not agree;
they anticipate His arrival in the future.
Judaism teaches that death is not the end
and that there is a world to come.
Judaism
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The "Torah," the first five books of the
Hebrew Bible, is the most important
Jewish scripture.
It contains the basic laws of Judaism.
Another important book is the
"Talmud," serving primarily as a guide
to the civil and religious laws of
Judaism.
Judaism
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The Jewish house of worship is called a
synagogue.
Rabbis (spiritual leaders) conduct services,
act as interpreters of Jewish laws, and
deliver sermons.
Today there are over 18 million followers
of Judaism scattered throughout the
world. A large number of those people live
in the Jewish nation of Israel. Over six
million live in the United States.
Jewish Philosophy
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God is one and unique
God is the creator
God is transcendent
God is immanent.
God is lawgiver
God is personal
We have the obligation to worship
The Torah is God's law
God is judge