Transcript 3 Religions
Judaism (founded in 1300 BCE) - Abraham- God Major People commanded him to settle (Prophets, in Canaan and promised leaders, etc and that Abraham’s children what they did) would have a great nation if they remained faithful Christianity (founded in 30 CE) Islam (founded in 622 CE) - Abraham- (See Judaism) - Abraham (See Judaism) - Moses- (See Judaism) - - Moses- led Israelites out of slavery in Egypt. During the exodus (departure), he received the Ten Commandments - King David- Military leader and Israelite king who made the capital in Jerusalem - King Solomon- built a temple in Jerusalem - - - Muhammadexperienced visions King David- (See Judaism) calling him to be a prophet for the one true King Solomon- (See God. He began preaching Judaism) and was eventually forced to flee from Mecca to Jesus- a young Jewish man Medinah (called the who traveled through Judea Hijirah) preaching about God. - Ali- was part of the Paul- a disciple who Shi’ite sect, where leaders became a missionary for come from the line of Jesus. He traveled around Muhammad and wrote letters to spread the word of Jesus. - Mu’awiyah- began the Sunni sect when he killed Constantine- experienced Ali and claimed that any a vision of a flaming cross devout Muslim could be before winning a battle. the leader First Roman Emperor to declare equal rights for ALL religions. Religious beliefs/ Rules of Religion Judaism (founded in 1300 BCE) Christianity (founded in 30 CE) Islam (founded in 622 CE) - Ten Commandments: 1. You shall have no other gods. 2. You shall not worship idols 3. You shall not use the name of the Lord in vain 4. Keep holy the Sabbath day. 5. Honor your father and mother. 6. You shall not murder 7. You shall not commit adultery 8. You shall not steal 9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor 10. You shall not covet anything that is your neighbor’s - Ten Commandments: 1. You shall have no other gods. 2. You shall not worship idols 3. You shall not use the name of the Lord in vain 4. Keep Holy the Sabbath day. 5. Honor your father and mother. 6. You shall not murder 7. You shall not commit adultery 8. You shall not steal 9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor 10. You shall not covet anything that is your neighbor’s - Five Pillars: 1. Belief in Allah and in Muhammad as his prophet 2. Prayer 5 times a day (facing towards Mecca) and prayer on Fridays at midday 3. Observation of the holy month of Ramadan 4. Making a pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca in one’s lifetime 5. Giving alms to the poor and unfortunate - Synagogue on Saturdays. - No pork or non-kosher foods. - Holidays related to historical events - Rites: bar/bat mitzvah at adulthood. - Focus is more on this life than the next. - Beliefs vary - Church on Sundays - Rites: Baptism, Communion - Holidays related to historical events - All have sinned and are separated from God. - Salvation is through faith in Christ - heaven or hell - Mosque on Fridays - No alcohol or pork. - Holidays related to the pilgrimage and fast of Ramadan. - Humans must submit to the will of God to gain Paradise after death. - Paradise or Hell. Judaism (founded in 1300 BCE) - Local leader: Rabbi Who is in charge of the religion? Where - Where people worship: Temple/synagogue do people worship? - Holy Book: Torah and What is the Talmud Holy Book? Christianity (founded in 30 CE) Islam (founded in 622 CE) - Local leader: Priest/Minister - The Catholic sect of Christianity also answers to bishops, cardinals, and the Pope - Leader: Caliph - Where do people worship: mosque - Holy Book: Qur'an - Where people worship: Church - Holy Book- Bible Key Terms Other information - Monotheism- the belief in one all powerful God - Prophets- holy messengers - Jerusalem- holy city - Messiah- The Jewish faith believes that a savior will bring deliverance for followers. - - Jerusalem- holy city Messiah- The Jewish faith believes that a savior will bring deliverance for followers- Christians believe that this Messiah was Jesus. Disciples- followers of Jesus - 14 million followers - 2 billion followers worldwide worldwide - God = Yahweh, but is said - God= the Trinity (Father, as Adonai (the Lord) Son, Holy Spirit) - Kaaba- Holy Shrine - Islam- “Submission to the will of Allah” - Shi’ite- follow successor’s following Muhammad’s son in law, Ali - Sunni- any devout Mulsim can become caliph if they are accepted by the people - 1.3 billion (Sunni: 940 million) followers worldwide - God= Allah Who do these all have in common? Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are sometimes called the "Abrahamic religions" All consider him father of the people of Israel. Who was Abraham? Abraham was the tenth generation from Noah (from the arc) and the twentieth from Adam (and Eve). He was sent by God from his home to take possession of the land of Canaan. In Canaan, Abraham entered into a covenant with God: Abraham would recognize Yahweh as his God God would bless Abraham with many children and the land would belong to his descendants. So why are they THREE religions? Jews and Christians follow Abraham’s family through his son Isaac, by his wife Sarah. These religions then differ in the view of Jesus: Judaism sees him as another prophet Christianity sees him as the messiah Muslims see him as a prophet and ancestor of Muhammad. They follow Abraham’s family through his other son Ishmael, born to him by Sarah's handmaiden, Hagar.