Transcript NO PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST

MIDDLE EAST TERMS TO KNOW
Judaism
Jewish
Christianity
Christian
Islam
Islamic
Jew
Christian
Muslim
Palestine = old name for what is now Israel & West Bank &
Gaza Strip
Palestinians =Arabs now living in the West Bank & Gaza
Strip (former Palestine)
Israelis = Jews living in Israel
Ethnicity = relating to a human group having racial, religious,
linguistic, and other traits in common
Culture = beliefs, social norms, and traits of a racial,
religious, or social group; the features of everyday existence
shared by people in a place or time
SUMMARY: The Middle East through Time
1000 BC
Jews make Palestine/Israel their homeland
132 AD
Jews kicked out of Palestine/Israel by Romans
Ottoman Turks (Arabic Muslims) move into
Palestine/Israel
300 AD
1100 AD
“Crusades” =Christians enter Palestine/Israel
1939-45 AD WWII = Jews persecuted all over Europe;
Jews travel to Palestine/Israel
SUMMARY: The Middle East through Time
1947 AD
The UN divides Palestine/Israel into two statesArab & Jew
1948 AD
Jews make their part of Palestine into “Israel”
= 1st Arab/Israeli War between
Arab Palestinians & Jewish Israelis
Results:
• ISRAEL GAINS TERRITORY
• ARAB PALESTINIANS ARE REFUGEES
• MORE JEWS COME TO ISRAEL
1964 AD
Egypt’s Nasser creates PLO & fighting begins
(Palestinian Liberation Organization)
SUMMARY: The Middle East through Time
1967 AD
Six Day War = 2nd Arab/Israeli War
Results:
• ARABS DISCOURAGED
• ISRAEL’S SIZE TRIPLES
• ISRAEL NOW CONTROLS WEST BANK ARABS
1973 AD
Yom Kippur War = 3rd Arab/Israeli War
Results:
ISRAELIS REMINDED NOT INVINCIBLE
ARABS FEEL STRONGER
PLO SEEKS VIOLENCE
SADAT SEEKS DIPLOMACY= US
INVOLVEMENT=EGYPT REGAINS SINAI
PENINSULA & BECOMES 1ST ARAB COUNTRY
TO RECOGNIZE ISRAEL
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Israel and Palestine: The Roots of Conflict (23 min)
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=e542c263-898d-4408-b4f2-e53be7469e5f
WHY ?
Reason #1
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I. Limited Water
 Major Rivers
○ Tigris River and
Euphrates River
 together form
“Mesopotamia” –
meaning land between
rivers
 Because of annual
flooding this area has
rich farm land which is
why it is also know as the
“Fertile Crescent.”
- This is believed to be
the location of the first
great civilization – The
Babylonians
Jordan
Nile
Limited Water Continue
Jordan River
 Water
supply for
western part of the
region and
important for
religious reasons
to Judaism and
Christianity.
Desalination – Process of converting salty sea water
into drinkable fresh water
Reason #2
II. OIL
• Persian Gulf
region produces
more oil than any
other location on
earth.
– The Soviet Union
tried to capture oil
fields in 1945.
– The U.S. have
been protecting oil
interest for many
years.
OIL - continues
O.P.E.C –
Organization of
Petroleum Exporting
Countries.
Group of oil
producing
countries that
agree on the
prices they will
sale their oil.
Why is that
a problem?
Oil - continue
 The United States can not join O.P.E.C.
○ Why?
Sherman Antitrust Act
REASON #3 RELIGION
GOD
Religion that worships only
ONE God is called?
Monotheism
Isaac - Second born from
wife Sarah
Abraham
Jacob – name was changed to
ISRAEL
ARAB
NATIONS
12 sons (TRIBES) of ISRAEL
Through King David a savior
(Messiah)
Ishmael – First born from
wife Ahaggar
JESUS
Prophet Muhammad
JUDAISM
3000 B.C.
CHRISTIANITY
33 A.D.
ISLAM
610 A.D
Moses – wrote the Torah
Bible
Koran (Qur’an)
NO PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST; REASON #4
Land Disputes: Jerusalem
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Jews most holy city - Solomon's temple.
Christian’s holy city - Christ was killed outside its walls
Islam’s third most holy city- Muhammad was taken there
by Angel Gabriel
ISRAEL: Land Disputes
About 1000 B.C. Hebrew/Jewish people
established homeland.
(Diaspora = removal of Jews from this land)
 587 B.C. First Diaspora
(removed by Babylon) return in 538 B.C.
 132 A.D. Second Diaspora
(removed by Romans)
 300 A.D. Palestinians/Ottomans move in
after Rome falls.
 600 A.D. Islam is introduced
 1099-1187 A.D. Christian conquest
(Crusades)
 1948 A.D. Israel reestablished after
Holocaust and Jews return to land.
 1967 A.D. 6 Day War = Israel gains land
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ABC News Fundamentalism and Terrorism Part 3:
Israel, A Case Study (20 min)
http://montage.allenisd.org/SAFARI/montage/play.php?keyindex=57534&location=local&filetypeid=2
Jerusalem - History of the Holy Land (50 min)
http://montage.allenisd.org/SAFARI/montage/play.php?keyindex=25195&location=local&filetypeid=3
DESCRIBE the following:
1. Yasser Arafat
2. Abdel Nasser
3. Anwar Sadat
4. PLO
5. Yitzhak Rabin
6. Palestinians
7. Israelis
8. Muhammad
9. Abraham
10. Jesus
11. Sadam Hussein