Transcript Three World Religions

Three World Religions
Chapter 12
Lesson 2
Judaism
• Oldest of 3 major religions of SW Asia
• Holy book called Torah
– 5 sacred texts that record Judaism’s beliefs
– Records how God made special covenant with Jewish
people
• Covenant: sacred agreement between God and his chosen
people, Jews, if they obeyed his laws
Judaism-cont.
• Messiah
– To some Jews, Messiah was leader God had
promised would save them
• Ten Commandments
– Given by God to Moses
– Contains the laws Jews must obey
– Demands belief in one God and a moral life
– Forbade stealing, lying, cheating, and killing
Judaism-cont.
• Holy Land: Palestine
– Also known as Eretz Israel which is the
historic land of Israel
• Southwest Asia country with largest
Jewish population
– Israel
• 75% of population is Jewish
Islam
• Founder: Muhammad
• Holy Book: Quran
– Book where revelations or words spoken by Gabriel
• Islam means submission to God
• “People of the Book”
– Reference used by Muhammad to describe Jews and
Christians
Islam-cont.
• Dome of the Rock: where Muhammad
ascended to heaven
• Mecca and its importance: Muslim holy land
where Muhammad first claimed his beliefs
• Medina: where Muhammad fled to escape
persecution
• Five Pillars of Islam: duties of all Muslims
Christianity
• Holy Book: Bible
– Contains Christian beliefs
• Gospels: Book in the Bible that contains
Jesus’ message
• Messiah
– Christians believe Jesus is the Messiah who
God chose to bring salvation to all people
Christianity-cont.
• Holy Land: Jerusalem (Palestine)
• 6% of SW Asia’s population is Christian
• Country in SW Asia with largest Christian
population
– Lebanon
• 38%
• Largest Christian population in world
– Europe and America
Additional Vocabulary
• Monotheism: belief in one God
• Polytheism: belief in more than one God
• Hebrew: Jewish people/Jewish language
• Diaspora: migration of Jews throughout the
world after they were defeated by the Roman
Empire
Additional Vocabulary-cont.
• Christos: Jesus or the Anointed One
• Kaaba: Black cube where Arabs came to
worship many gods, and where Muhammad
cleansed them of their belief in many gods
– Known today as Dome of the Rock
• Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca for every Muslim at
least once in their lifetime
Questions
• How did each of the 3 world religions
spread?
• Judaism
– Spread when Jews scattered throughout the
world
• Wherever they settled they preserved their history
and beliefs
Questions-cont.
• How did each of the 3 world religions
spread?
• Christianity
– Christianity spread after Jesus died
• His followers carried his teachings throughout the
Roman Empire
• After Romans accepted faith, missionaries spread
it around the world
Questions-cont.
• How did each of the 3 world religions
spread?
• Islam
– Islam spread when Arabs took their ideas and
religion to areas they traded with
Questions-cont.
• How did Jesus depart from some Jewish
traditions?
• Judaism demanded strict obedience to the
letter of the law, but Jesus stressed moral
ideals over law itself
Questions-cont.
•
Describe the 5 Pillars of Islam
1. Faith in one God and Muhammad as the
messenger of God
2. Pray facing Mecca 5 times a day
3. Acts or gifts of charity to those in need
4. Fasting from dawn to dusk during holy month of
Ramadan
5. Hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca for every Muslim
at least once in their life
Questions-cont.
• What are the basic beliefs of each of the 3
world religions?
• Judaism
– Belief in one god
– Believe in special covenant with God if they
live a moral life
Questions-cont.
• What are the basic beliefs of each of the 3 world
religions?
• Christianity
– Belief in one god
– Believe Jesus chosen by God to bring salvation to all
people
– Believe Jesus’ life, teachings, death, and resurrection
will show them way to eternal life in heaven
– Believe people should live a moral life
Questions-cont.
• What are the basic beliefs of each of the 3
world religions?
• Islam
– Belief in one god
– Believe Muhammad was the final messenger
of Allah (Muslim god)
– Believe Allah revealed to Muhammad the
duties of living a just life in 5 Pillars of Islam
Questions-cont.
• What beliefs link the 3 world religions?
• Belief in one god
• Believe living a moral life was necessary
Questions-cont.
• Compare and contrast the 3 world
religions.
• Use Venn Diagram
– Likeness
– Differences
• All 3 religions were born in SW Asia
Questions-cont.
• Why are Christianity, Islam, and Judaism
referred to as “world religions”?
– All 3 religions have followers throughout the
world, and each has had a great effect on
world history.