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Do Now – On the note card given
answer the following questions.
What is at the center of the Christian belief
system?
What is the Christian holy book?
Who are their prophets of the Christian faith?
Where do Christians worship?
What are some Christian customs and
traditions?
JUDAISM
Brief History
Abraham creates the “Covenant” with God
Hebrews are enslaved in Egypt
Moses frees them from Egypt and they
flee to the promised land (Exodus)
Jews are persecuted in the Holocaust
Israel is given back to the Jews after WWII
Judaism
Founded by Abraham
2,000 B.C.E.
Made a Covenant with God
Torah
Written in Hebrew
First five books of the bible (Old
testament)
Genesis, Deuteronomy, Numbers, Leviticus,
Exodus
Contains laws that guide the life of a Jew
Must use a “yad” to follow along
Torah
What are some of the laws found in
the old Testament?
Synagogue
The front faces
Jerusalem.
There is an “ark”
where the Torah is
kept.
A “bema” is a
podium used
during services.
Women sit in a
separate section.
Jewish Milestones
(Like Catholic Sacraments)
Bris – ritual circumcision
Bar/Bat Mitzvah – full adult status and
responsibility within the religion
Boys at 13
Girls at 12
Marriage - "Be fruitful and multiply"
Huppah
Break a glass to remind them that
sadness is around the corner
Jewish Customs
Yarmulke – A.K.A. Yamaka.
Reminds them that God is above.
Easy to recognize other Jewish males.
Tallit – A.K.A. prayer shawl.
Kosher Foods
Jews obey the Kashrut (dietary laws)
Cannot eat pig, camel, rabbits, badgers or bugs.
Animals must be prepared a certain way.
Cannot eat meat with dairy or fish with meat.
Pots and pans used to prepare food cannot be
used on foods of other “statuses”.
Cannot consume grape products produced by a
“non Jew”.
Jewish Holidays
Passover – reminds them of their
freedom from slavery in Egypt
Rosh Hashanah - Jewish New Year
Yom Kippur – holiest day of the year
Sukkot, the “Festival of Booths”
Hanukkah, the “Festival of Lights”
How is Judaism related to
Christianity?
Judaism is the foundation of
Christianity
Torah is the Old Testament (more or less)
Jesus was Jewish
Jews are not concerned with the
afterlife
They do believe in the “world to come”
Judaism Today
• 13 – 14 Million worldwide
5 – 6 Million in Israel
5 – 6 Million in U.S
Islam
Islam
• Founder: Muhammad
• Born: 571 AD in Mecca
• Descendant of Abraham
History of Muhammad
• 571 - Muhammad born in Mecca.
• 610 - First revelation (Hira cave)
• 622 - “Hijira”or Escape.
• Muhammad flees to Medina
• 629 - Muhammad conquers Mecca
• 632 - Muhammad dies
The Quran or Koran
• Only in Arabic
• translated copies are not true Quran’s
• 114 Chapters (chapter = Surah)
• Confirms most stories of the old testament
• Special place for Virgin Mary
God = Allah (in Arabic language)
5 Pillars of Islam
The 'Five Pillars' of Islam
(Their Commandments)
The framework for Muslim life.
1.The declaration of faith:
• "There is no deity but God, and Muhammad is
the messenger of God“
2.Prayer:
• Five obligatory prayers each day.
• Must pray towards the Kabah in Mecca
Prayer is very ritualistic and must be done on a clean
surface. Rugs are not necessary but are often used.
The 'Five Pillars' of Islam
3.Charity:
• Obligatory charitable giving.
4.Fasting:
• From sunrise to sunset during the holy month of
Ramadan
5.Pilgrimage:
• A pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
Mosque
Minaret
Video of an Adhan
Mosques
All remove their shoes before entering.
Before prayer they do the wudu (cleaning of
hands, feet and face) in a fountain outside of
the payer area.
The “imam” leads prayer from the “minbar”.
Women sit in a separate chamber.
Islamic Custom and Traditions
The hijab
Women are required to
cover their bodies so that
their figure is not
revealed.
• They are not required to
cover their faces.
Relation with Christianity
• Uses biblical stories
• A special place for Jesus and Mary
• The right of all faiths to worship was
respected
• Sites of worship, holy places and shrines of
all faiths were protected
Islam Today
• 1.3 Billion worldwide
• About 7m Muslims in the USA