Transcript Egyptian Gods and Goddesses Worksheet

Egyptian Gods and Goddesses
Egyptian Religion
Amon
• Amon was one of the most
powerful gods in ancient Egypt.
• He was the god of the city-state of
Thebes.
• When combined with Ra, he was
then called Amon-Ra.
Anubis
• God of embalming and the
dead
• Since jackals were often seen
in cemeteries, the ancient
Egyptians believed that Anubis
watched over the dead.
• Anubis was the god who
watched over the process of
mummifying people when they
died.
Atum
• Atum was a creator god.
• Egyptians believed that Atum was
the first god to exist on earth.
• Believed he created all the other
gods
Bastet
•Bastet was a protective goddess.
•She was usually seen as a gentle
protective goddess. She also
sometimes appeared with the head
of a lioness to protect the king in
battle.
•The cat was a symbol of Bastet.
Egyptians made many statues of
cats to honor her.
Hapi
• Hapi was the god of the flood
• Hapi was especially important to
the ancient Egyptians because he
brought the flood every year.
• The flood deposited rich silt on the
banks of the Nile.
Hathor
• Hathor was a protective goddess.
She was also the goddess of love and
joy.
• Hathor was connected with foreign
places and materials. For instance,
she was the goddess of the desert and
the turquoise mines in the Sinai.
Horus
• Horus was the god of the sky.
• He is probably most well-known as
the protector of the rulers of Egypt.
• The Egyptians believed that the
pharaoh was the 'living Horus'.
Isis
• Isis was a protective goddess.
• She used powerful magic spells to
help people in need.
• Isis was the wife of Osiris and the
mother of Horus. Since each
pharaoh was considered the 'living
Horus', Isis was very important.
Khepri
• Khepri was a god of creation, the
movement of the sun, and rebirth.
• The ancient Egyptians believed
that the beetles just appeared from
nowhere- as they believed that their
creator god had appeared from
nowhere.
• Also connected with the sun god
Ra who pushed the sun through the
sky every day.
Ma’at
•Ma'at was the goddess of
truth, justice, and harmony.
• She was associated with the
balance of things on earth.
•The vizier who was in charge
of the law courts was known
as the “priest of Ma'at.”
Osiris
• Osiris was the god of the dead, and
ruler of the underworld.
• Osiris was a also a god
of resurrection
• Egyptians believed that Osiris gave
them the gift of barley, one of their
most important crops.
Ptah
• Ptah was the god of craftsmen and
architects.
• Chief god of the city of Memphis.
• He was believed to determine the
individual destiny of the artists near
Thebes.
Ra
• Ra was the sun god.
• He was the most important god of
the ancient Egyptians.
• The ancient Egyptians believed that
Ra was swallowed every night by the
sky goddess Nut, and was reborn
every morning.
Sekhmet
• Sekhmet was the goddess of war and
destruction.
• Having once unleashed her powers for
the destruction of mankind, the
Egyptians feared her.
• Egyptians built statues of her and tried
to please her daily to save themselves
from her destruction.
Seth
• Seth was the god of chaos.
• Seth represented everything that
threatened harmony in Egypt.
• He killed his brother Osiris, then
battled with his nephew Horus to be
the ruler of the living.
Sobek
• Sobek was a Nile god.
• Sobek was connected with the Nile,
and protected the king.
• Live crocodiles were kept in pools
at temples built to honor Sobek.
Thoth
• Thoth was the god of writing and
knowledge
• The ancient Egyptians believed
that Thoth gave them the gift of
hieroglyphic writing. Thoth was
also connected with the moon.
Religion
 Egyptians could not always predict what each year’s
flooding would be like
 Believed gods or goddesses controlled nature
Religion
 Egyptians believed the sun was a god named Ra who
was born each day and died every night
 This cycle led them to believe in an afterlife
Religion
 Each Egyptian city had one or more special gods or
goddesses
 As a city gained strength, its god became more important
 For example: when the city of Thebes grew powerful,
belief in the city’s god, Amon, spread.
 They combined Amon and Ra, and considered Amon-Ra
the most powerful god
Wrap Up 1
 Let’s review the gods and goddesses we have learned about.
Wrap Up 2
 Why was religion so important to the ancient
Egpytians?
 What was the significance of the sun to ancient
Egyptians?
 Who is Amon-Ra?