Transcript Egyptian Civilization and Judaism

Egyptian Civilization and Judaism
Answers
to Worksheet
Judaism Notes
Who were 3 important Egyptian
Gods?
Name
1.
2.
3.
Egyptian God’s Power
Who were 3 important Egyptian
Gods?
Name
Egyptian God’s Power
1. Amon-Re
Lord of the gods, Re was the Sun god
2.
3.
Who were 3 important Egyptian
Gods?
Name
Egyptian God’s Power
1. Amon-Re
Lord of the gods, Re was the Sun god
2.Osiris
God of the dead and judge of souls
seeking the afterlife
3.
Who were 3 important Egyptian
Gods?
Name
Egyptian God’s Power
1. Amon-Re
Lord of the gods, Re was the Sun god
2.Osiris
God of the dead and judge of souls
seeking the afterlife
3.Isis
Wife of Osiris, appealed to women—
believed she first taught women to do
care for the home and family
--Also promised the faithful that they
would have an afterlife
Book of the Dead
Told people how to survive journey to
the underworld
 Contained spells, charms, and formulas for
dead to use in afterlife

Mummification Process
Extract brain through nostrils and
remove internal organs
Fill body cavity with linen and drying
powder
1.
2.
◦
3.
Sprinkled spices on body and rubbed
mixture to keep skin moist
Wrapped body in strips of linens
 Process took months to complete and lots
of $$$
Why were people mummified?

To preserve the dead for the afterlife,
they were buried with everything they
needed for eternity
◦ Organs were stored in jars and buried with
dead
Who was King Tutankhamen?
King Tut
 Tomb discovered in 1922
 18 years old at death
 Solid gold coffin

Why is he important to history?
 Provides us with ideas of how other
Pharaohs were buried
True/False
1.
2.
3.
FALSE—Most were farmers
True
False, they were not allowed to do
those things! However, they did have
significant amounts of independence and
privilege compared to other civilizations
Hieroglyphics
1.
2.
3.
Meaning: Fox skins
tied together
Meaning: Stone Jug
Meaning: Roll of
Papyrus
Rosetta Stone
Flat, black rock used by a historian to
translate hieroglyphics
 Same phrase written on stone in
hieroglyphics, demotic script, and Greek
 Allows us to figure out what different
hieroglyphs mean!

3 advances in learning made by
ancient Egyptians:
Kept written records
Furthered science: mummification,
diagnosing illness, learning about human
body, finding cures to diseases
Developed mathematics (in response to
flooding on fields)
1.
2.
3.
◦
Developed geometry to survey land and
calculate size and location of stones in
pyramid construction
Sphinx
It was probably built by builders hired by
Pharaoh Khafre or his father.
 A Sphinx is the head of a human with a
body of a lion.
 It can be found on the Giza Plateau (west
bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt)
 It was created between 2575-2465 BC
 It was created to honor Khafre (it has his
face)

Tale of Sinuhe

This is a folk tale that tells us how
Egyptians viewed themselves and
surrounding people groups in the desert
during ancient times.
Judaism

Monotheistic: belief in
only one god

Belief of the ancient
Israelites (Hebrews)

All-knowing, allpowerful god who was
present everywhere

History and faith were
interconnected
Torah

Sacred text

First five books of the
Hebrew Bible
◦ Genesis, Exodus,
Leviticus, Numbers, and
Deuteronomy

Talmud is another
important book (separate
from Torah)
◦ Contains additional laws
and customs
Ancient Israelites




Abraham-lived near Ur
(Mesopotamia)
◦ Family migrated to Canaan
◦ Father of Israelite people,
descendents given “Promised land”
Moses-renewed God’s covenant with
Israelites
◦ Led enslaved Israelites out of
Egypt
David: Second king of Israel (12
tribes of Israel finally united)
Solomon: David’s son, turned
Jerusalem into impressive capital
◦ Negotiated with other powerful
empires in Egypt and Mesopotamia
and increased Israel’s influence
Fallen to conquerors

Independent for 200 years

North fell to Assyrians in 722
BC

South fell to Babylonians in
586 BC

Persians freed Israelites in
539 BC and they lived under
Persian rule
Teachings

Patriarchal society: men are
leaders and heads of
families

Sabbath: Holy day of rest

Prophets: Remind Jews of
their duties

Ethics: moral
standards/behaviors—
Social justice

Leaders have to obey
God’s laws
World Contribution

Judaism is a major world
religion
◦ Contributed to
religious thought
◦ Influenced Christianity
and Islam
◦ Diaspora: Jewish
people spread out
over the world,
shared traditions and
beliefs around the
world