Transcript Ancient Egyptian Civilization - St. Anne`s School (Garden City)

ANCIENT EGYPTIAN
CIVILIZATION
Lesson 3
Vocabulary
People
• Empire
• Ahmose
• expedition
• Hatshepsut
• Tutankhamun
MIDDLE KINGDOM
• 2100B.C- 1700B.C
• Egypt's contact with other parts of the world increased
• Egyptian traders increased their business with cities in
western Asia
• People from Asia moved into Egypt's delta region
• These people are called Hyksos
WAR WITH HYKSOS
• Ruled over Lower Egypt
• Hyksos used horses, chariots, strong bronze weapons and
bows and arrows to defeat Egyptians
• Under the rule of Pharaoh Ahmose they took back Lower Egypt
• This defeat began the New Kingdom
PHARAOH AHMOSE
• Vowed that outsiders would never again control any part of Egypt
• They set out to make Egypt the strongest military
EXPANSION
• Egypt’s leader worked to get land that was lost during war
• Egypt became an empire when it conquered Nubia, Syria
and Lebanon
• New lands gave Egypt a wealth of new resources
• Egypt became an empire
• Economy was no longer focused on farming
TRADE
• Egypt traded (exported ) golden jewelry, linen cloth and papyrus
• Trade and war helped link Egypt with its neighbors in the Sahara,
Nubia, western Asia, and the Mediterranean
• Imported- silver, timber, oil jars, paintings, leopard skins and
elephant ivory
• Soilders traveled with trading caravans to protect the goods
HATSHEPSUT
• Female pharaoh
• “first of the noble ladies”
• Expanded Egyptian trade to Punt (Eastern Africa)
• When her husband died, she felt as though her son was
too young to become pharaoh on his own
• She was co-pharaoh/ruler
HATSHEPSUT’S TRADING JOURNEY
• 8th year in reign, she organized the biggest trading expedition of her
career
• Lasted for 2 years
• Goal: was to trade with punt (today’s Ethiopia or Somalia)
• Egypt received: gold, perfume, ivory, leopard skins, and live apes
• Scribes recorded the numbers of goods aboard the ships (5)
• Khmet (from Punt) came to Egypt to meet the Pharaoh
Medicine in Egypt
• Egyptian doctors were actually
priests who learned their skills
in temple schools
• Scribes wrote down illnesses
and injuries and what worked
best
• 1st medical textbook
Math and Science
• Priest- scientists also used
their knowledge of math to
build pyramids;
understand the stars
DAILY LIFE IN EGYPT
SOCIAL PYRAMID
• A persons position in society depended on what he/she did for a living
• Most powerful person was at the top of the social pyramid
• 1st: pharaoh
• Government officials
• Solders
• Scribes
• Merchants
• Artisans
• Farmers
• slaves
SLAVERY
• Hardest work: they worked in….
• The hot gold mines
• Flood waters of the Nile (farming)
• Dug canals
• Servants in the house
• Basic rights:
• Right to be treated fairly under the law and own property
CITIES IN EGYPT
• Where many craft workers and artists worked/ lived
CHILDREN IN EGYPT
• They loved to spin tops, make cloth dolls, run and play games
• Pets: dogs, cats and monkeys
• Children of the Pharaoh had their own swimming pool