Transcript Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt
Gift of the Nile
SOURCES OF EVIDENCE




TOMB PAINTINGS
HYMN OF THE NILE
HERODOTUS
ARCHAEOLOGY OF DEIR EL MEDINA
Nile flows
northwards to
the
Meditarranean
Mark on the
following; Upper
and Lower Egypt,
Delta, Giza, Luxor
Memphis, Thebes,
Nubia Alexandria
Prevailing
winds blow
Southwards
Mark on The Great
Pyramids,
Hatshepsuts Temple,
Valley of the Kings
and the Temple of
Karnak
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_a3N0mx8zE&feature=related
The Nile, linking Upper and Lower Egypt
SEASON
MONTHS
ACTIVITIES
June-September
No farming was done at this time, as all the
fields were flooded. Instead, many farmers
worked for the pharaoh (king), building
pyramids or temples. Some of the time was
spent mending their tools and looking after
animals.
October-February
In October the floodwaters receded,
leaving behind a layer of rich, black soil.
This fertile soil was then ploughed and
seeded
March-May
The fully grown crops had to be cut down
(harvested) and removed before the Nile
flooded again. It was also the time to
repair the canals ready for the next flood.
Akhet - the
inundation
Peret
Shemu
North with the Current, South
with the Winds
The Nile Today
Water for Crops
Activity on the Nile
CROPS ?
THE SHADUF

To lift the water from the canal they used
a shaduf. A shaduf is a large pole balanced
on a crossbeam, a rope and bucket on one
end and a heavy counter weight at the
other. By pulling the rope it lowered the
bucket into the canal. The farmer then
raised the bucket of water by pulling down
on the weight. He then swung the pole
around and emptied the bucket onto the
field.
A source of food
A Nile Bird Hunt
An Ancient Form of Transport
IDENTIFY THE DOMESTIC AND WILD
ANIMALS
Goddess Boat
Ancient Trade Routes
Asiatic Traders in Ancient Egypt
Cheops Boat into the afterlife
The Nile God- Hapy
HYMN OF THE NILE









Hail to thee, O Nile! Who manifests thyself over this land, and comes to
give life to Egypt!
Mysterious is thy issuing forth from the darkness, on this day whereon it
is celebrated!
Watering the orchards created by Re, to cause all the cattle to live, you
give the earth to drink, inexhaustible one!
Path that descends from the sky, loving the bread of Seb and the firstfruits of Nepera, You cause the workshops of Ptah to prosper!
Lord of the fish, during the inundation, no bird alights on the crops.
You create the grain, you bring forth the barley, assuring perpetuity to
the temples.
If you cease your toil and your work, then all that exists is in anguish. If
the gods suffer in heaven, then the faces of men waste away.
Then He torments the flocks of Egypt, and great and small are in agony.
But all is changed for mankind when He comes; He is endowed with the
qualities of Nun.
If He shines, the earth is joyous, every stomach is full of rejoicing, every
spine is happy, every jaw-bone crushes (its food).
Power of the Gods

Year 3, first month of the second season, day 12,
under the majesty of the King of Upper and Lower
Egypt, Lord of the Two Lands, UsermareSetepnamon, L.P.H.; Son of Re, Lord of the
diadems, Osorkon (II) Siese-Meriamon, given life
forever.
The flood came on, in this whole land; it invaded
the two shores as in the beginning. This land was
in his power like the sea, there was no dyke of the
people to withstand its fury. All the people were
like birds upon its [...], the tempest ... his .....,
suspended ..... ..... like the heavens. All the temples
of Thebes were like marshes.
On this day Amon caused to appear in Opet, the
[barque] of his (portable) image ....; when he
entered the "Great House" of his barque in his
temple. Flood inscription at Karnak
22nd dynasty
HERODOTUS

It is certain however that now they gather in fruit
from the earth with less labour than any other men
and also with less than the other Egyptians; for
they have no labour in breaking up furrows with a
plough nor in hoeing nor in any other of those
labours which other men have about a crop; but
when the river has come up of itself and watered
their fields and after watering has left them again,
then each man sows his own field and turns into it
swine, and when he has trodden the seed into the
ground by means of the swine, after that he waits
for the harvest, and when he has threshed the corn
by means of the swine, then he gathers it in.
Herodotus, Histories II
The River in History



2250-1950; Low inundations, caused the
drying out of Lake Moeris and signalled
the end of the Old Kingdom
1840-1770; High inundations weakened
the central power of the Middle Kingdom
dynasties, which was exploited by the
Hyksos to take over large parts of Egypt.
1170-1100; Low inundations accompanied
the decline of the New Kingdom.
STUDENT ACTIVITY
 EXPLAIN
WHY THE NILE
RIVER WAS SO IMPORTANT
TO EGYPT
 500 WORDS