Transcript DIMMA: a completely unmanned Differential Image Motion

DIMMA: a completely unmanned
Differential Image Motion Monitor
A.M. Varela(1), L.F. Rodríguez-Ramos (1),
C. Muñoz-Tuñón (1) & M. Sosa (2)
(1) Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Spain
(2) Inerza, S.A., Spain
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
Site Selection for the European
Extremely Large Telescope
http://www.eso.org/project/e-elt/
Backaskög, Suecia
ELT Design Study, WP12000, Site Characterization
J. Vernin, C. Muñoz-Tuñon, M. Sarazin
Scope of WP12000
This WP covers the characterization of few
sites for what concerns the seeing, ground
climatology, atmospheric properties, [soil
and seismicity].
Emphasis is put on already existing
astronomical sites and on new physics
corresponding to such a large telescope. The
final report will help to select the best
reasonable place to settle the ELT.
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
Parameters and Tools
• Structure of the Atmospheric Turbulence (+/- 500 m up to ca. 20km).
SCIDAR (Fuensalida et al..Avila et al..)//
SLODAR (Wilson, Sarazin… // MASS
• Humidity and precipitable water vapour
Satellites (Varela et al…)// Climate diagnostic archives
• Wind speed and direction, vertical profile in the BL
Climate diagnostic archives // SCIDAR // SODAR//AWS
• Sodium layer density and height
• Ground deformations and seismicity
• Seeing or atmospheric coherence length.
DIMM, MASS,MASS-DIMM, SCIDAR, GSM, DIMMA
• Airborne aerosols and properties…
Airborne particles counter//MFRSR//LIDAR //Satellites
• Cloudiness, fog, and dust
• Atmospheric extinction
Satellites vs in situ tecnhiques
• Long-term meteorological parameters
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
SEEING or atmospheric coherence length
Differential Image Motion Monitor –DIMMfull atmospheric seeing (but the SL) with accurate < 0.1”
1data/minute
accurate, absolute and reproducible data; control tests are
however important, see e.g. Tokovinin, 2003, Varela etal, 2003)
Sarazin & Roddier, 1990, A&A, 227, 294. (ESO DIMM)
Vernin & Muñoz-Tuñón, 1995, PASP, 107, 265 (DA/IAC DIMM)
http://www.iac.es/project/sitesting/site.html
http://www.eso.org.com
MASS
Free atmosphere seeing (“) , resolution?
5 atmospheric slabs from 1-16km.The 2 smallest MASS
apertures can be conjugated to a negative altitude of –0.5 or –1km.
Monitoring campaigns
http://www.ctio.noao.edu/atokovinin/profiler/principle.html
MASS-DIMM
Full atmospheric seeing seeing. Resolution <0.1”
Monitoring campaigns
Tokovinin, NOAO-NSO Newsletter, Issue 77, 32-34, 2004
http://mass.ctio.noao.edu
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
Happy Jack (4)
Sierra Nevada
Calar Alto
San Pedro Mártir Arecibo (9.2)
ORM (La Palma)
Sierra la Negra
OT (Tenerife) Oukaimeden
Mauna Kea
Paranal
Las Campanas (2x6.5, 25.3)
La Silla Cerro Tololo
Cerro Pachon (4.2)
Antarctica (25.3, 50...)
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
Maidanak
LONG-TERM METEOROLOGY
Ground (in situ)
Automatic Weather Stations
Air temperature
0.30-0.55ºC
Soil and Subsoil Temp.
“
Barometric Pressure
0.3mB
Vapour pressure
Relative Humidity
2%
Wind Speed
0.3m/s for ws>3m/s
Gusts
3% for ws>3m/s
Wind direction
2%
Rainfall
1%
GTC site-testing campaign: meteorology
T. Mahoney, C. Muñoz-Tuñón, and A.M. Varela.
New Astronomy Reviews 42 (1998) 417-424
Remote Sensing
Climatic Diagnostic Archives
(NCEP/NCAR), Balloons.
http://www.cdc.noaa.gov
Climate diagnostic archives: an approach to ELT site selection
B.García-Lorenzo, Fuensalida, J.J., Mendizabal, E.G., Muñoz-Tuñón, C.,
& Varela, A. SPIE, 5572, 68(2005)
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
OBSERVING STRATEGY
DIMM & 1 observer: (till full automatization :DIMMA)
• Seeing measurements 10-12 nights/month (in alternative weeks)
from the last 15 years.
• Sample rate 1 data / 30 s. Precision better than 0.1 arcsec.
Automatic Weather Station
• Meteorological parameters continously.
• Sample rate 1 data / minute.
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
OT (Tenerife)
ORM (La Palma)
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
http://www.iac.es/project/sitesting/site.html
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
ORM:
Several DIMMS,
MASS-DIMM
DIMM(A)
OT:
DIMM, MASS-DIMM
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
DIMMA: the IAC automated DIMM
•DIMMA: Conceptual Design.
Rodríguez, Varela & Muñoz-Tuñón, 2004
•The DIMMA.
Muñoz-Tuñón, Varela & Rodríguez, 2004
1er Encuentro Astronomía Robótica, Madrid.
 Completely automatic. No operator needed.
 Using ideas and previous developments of earlier
DIMMs.
 Completely outsourced, if possible.
 Use as many commercial off the shelf products as
possible
 Designed to be copied about a dozen times
 To be placed in remote sites, with no
infrastructure at all.
 Powered using only photovoltaic solar energy
 Capable of storing all relevant data, including
housekeeping, seeing and weather
 Featuring a built in software data quality
checking module.
ARENA Workshop incorporated.
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
 Self-protection
DIMM VERSIONS
NOMENCLATURE??
RoboDIMM (ING, CTIO, ....)
HDIMM (CARA)
ADIMM (Automated DIMM-Oukaïmeden)
ADIMM (Antarctica DIMM-JACARA)
MASS-DIMM (automatic...Chile, SPM, ...)
Etc.
BUT:
Weather checking (if yes, not yet able cloud and/or rain detection)
Dome closing and opening
Power supply
Risks evaluation
Quality control of the data
Etc.
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
DIMMA OBJETIVES
• Automatic Operation (pointing, tracking, selection and
search of stars,...seeing calculation)
• Operation in isolated sites.
• Self-protection system. Evaluation of risks:
» Extreme weather conditions (winds, clouds, rain, gust, humidity,
dust...)
every 1 minute
» Break-down of sensors
» Unloading of the batteries
» Space on hard disk
» Intruders presence, ...
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
BLOCK DIAGRAM
ARQUIT
DOME
C8”
Panels
MONITOR
CONTROL
SYSTEM
Batteries +
Regulator
DOME
PC 1
Main Software
RS-232
Datalogger
ARQUIT DOME
SENSORS
RS-232
RS232
GPS CLOCK
IO BOARD
Air Thermometer
RS-232 BOARD
Higrometer
Dust
Alarm
Power system
RS-232
Air
Thermometer
HUB
WEBCAMS
Earth
Thermometer
Rain
Detector
ROUTER
DATA
LOGGER
Weathervane
SURVEILLANCE
CONTROL
Barometer
WIFI
RS-232
FOCUS
USB
CCD
GPRS
Mechanical support
RS-232
MOUNT
Higrometer
COMMUNICATIONS
Anemometer
Foundations
Anchorage
Sun Measure
IAC
INSTRUMENTS
AUTONOMUS WEATHER STATION
ARENA
Tenerife,
March 26-29,
ST-237
de Workshop
Sta. Barbara Instruments:
657x495
pixels2007
de 7.4x7.4 μm.
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
Automatic point with less than 1 arc minute accuracy.
Automatic focusing with two independent systems.
Automatic dome opening and closing.
Automatic weather station integrated within the control system.
Web cameras for remote monitoring
Multisensor integration for robotic control
Database storage of both scientific and housekeeping data
Data quality checking (fwhml/fwhmt, focus, saturation, ….)
Wireless linked to the Ethernet
Powered by solar panels (7.7 m2) plus batteries (2x450 Ah).
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
STATUS OF THE DIMMA
DIMMA was developed by INERZA, S.A. (Gran Canaria, Spain) under contract by IAC.
Astro-Haven Dome
12m-Mast
Residence
DAU
5m-tower
Solar Pannels
In June 2006 has started the DIMMA installation at the ORM at Las Lajitas.
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
DIMMA INTERFACE
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007
1,3
DIMMA
20061010
1,2
1,1
1
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
00:51
23:51
22:51
21:51
20:51
19:51
18:51
0
The
DIMMA
is now under calibration
and
validation
process and will be fully
ARENA
Workshop
Tenerife, March
26-29,
2007
operative in spring 2007.
Future Works
• Comparison DIMMA vs DIMM, RoboDIMM, SCIDAR y
MASS-DIMM.
• DIMMA will be a reference for the MASS-DIMM (E-ELT
FP6 site testing campaign)
• Second DIMMA will be installed in the next april 2007 at
the Teide Observatory (site seeing on Thursday...?)
More information: www.iac.es/project/sitesting/site.html
www.inerza.com
ARENA Workshop
Tenerife, March 26-29, 2007