Transcript Anxiety Disorder: Phobias

Anxiety Disorder: Phobias
By: Brad Koch, Julian Rios, & Ken
Szyszka
Explanation
Anxiety: An emotion characterized by feelings of
tension, worried thoughts, and physical changes.
Phobias: Something that people have had
experiences that can sometimes be traumatic.
Facts
1. Symptoms of certain phobias: Overwhelming panic, heart
pounding of pains, trouble breathing, hyperventilation, hot flashes,
or shaking.
2. There are two types of symptoms for anxiety; Emotional:
Feelings of apprehension, Feeling tense and jumpy, Restlessness or
irritability, Anticipating the worst and being watchful for signs of
danger. The Physical symptoms are: Pounding or racing heart and
shortness of breath, upset stomach, sweating, tremors, twitches,
headaches, fatigue, insomnia, and frequent urination.
3. If you have a phobia: you probably realize that your fear cannot
be explained, but you still can’t control your feelings of actions.
4. Treatments are: cognitive behavioral therapy, medication, and
relaxation techniques like meditation.
Summary of Phobias
• In our summary we reviewed four articles focusing on
phobias.
• In Article 1, it talks about late-life anxiety and how it
has substantial negative consequences, both personal
and public effects.
• The aim of this article is to identify and describe EBTs
(evidence-based treatments) for late-life anxiety based
on a comprehensive review of the literature.
• Anxiety disorders and symptoms in older adults are
associated with a number of negative consequences
and past events.
Summary Continued
• In Article 2 it was titled A Review of Current Evidence
for the Causal Impact of Attentional Bias on Fear and
Anxiety.
• Given the global nature of fear and anxiety disorders,
an understanding of the causes of fear and anxiety and
the identification of possible vulnerability factors for
the development, maintenance, and setback of anxiety
disorders are overbearing.
• There are many cognitive theories of fear and anxiety
including: The Schema-Based Theory of Beck and Clark,
The Information-Processing Model of Williams, etc.
Summary Continued
• Article three was called Factor Structure and
Psychometric Properties of the Injection Phobia
Scale–Anxiety.
• There was seven studies conducted on this topic.
Each theory had a different set of participants,
measures, procedures, data analyses, overviews,
and results.
• With each discussion of each study, the
psychologists came up with a conclusion which
ended his or her theory.
Summary Continued
• In Article four focused on specific phobias,
influential theories, and current perspectives on
these phobias.
• One of the main focuses are that fears are quick
and adaptive responses that allow your body to
react to possible threats or dangerous situations.
• Less adaptive, phobias are extreme
manifestations of fear to objects or situations in
the absence of a comparative danger.
Video
The Phobia
Workshop
History of Anxiety
• Recognized in 1980 by the American Psychiatric Association
• 16th Century: Thought of as hysteria
• Civil War: Dr. Jacob Mendez Da Coasta Came up with
Irritable heart syndrome
• Soldiers had shortness of breath, respiratory and digestive
disorders
• Treated with opium and other drugs
• Da Costa’s findings would have been diagnosed as anxiety
• Most soldiers in the war suffered from some type of anxiety
History of Phobias
• Ancient Greece “Morbid Fear”
• People had phobias for thousands of years
• Didn’t know what a phobia was – just thought of it as a
fear
• Hippocrates- wrote about a condition in a man named
Nicanor
• Hippocrates didn’t come up with the term phobia
• 500 years later- Roman doctor named Celsus came up
with hydrophobia
• Word came from the Greek god Phobos
• Phobos was a frightening and formidable guy