Transcript Mental Illness Conclusion

Information
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Reminders:
 Mandatory early start - paperwork TUESDAY 7:00 a.m.
 This/Next Week
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Psych Bowl Review 2:30-4:00 TODAY
Psych Bowl 8:30-12:00 Saturday Layton High
5 more Flex/lunch next two weeks (50)
2 more night reviews next week (50)
2 Practice Tests (40)
1 Kicker Term (15)
Test TWO WEEKS FROM MONDAY
Reading Guide Ch. 14 DUE TUESDAY
CCN Chapter 15 DUE NEXT APRIL 27th(last one!!)
Mental Illness and Abnormal Behavior
What is Abnormal?
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It depends on who is being asked.
Society:
What behaviors and mental processes are socially appropriate?
How does this definition change over time?
Law/Insanity/Punishment
Individual:
What do you believe is “normal”?
How does that affect the way you think/behave?
How does your own definition affect the way you view others?
Mental Health Professionals:
a.
b.
c.
ATYPICAL:
MALADAPTIVE:
DISTURBING:
d.
UNJUSTIFIABLE
When people’s perception of reality is distorted.
Their ability to cope with life’s demands is impaired
They are a danger to themselves or others.
They feel discomfort severe enough to be harmful.
Not the result of a significant life change.
Categorical Approach
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DSM V– Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
 Mental Illnesses Divided into:
Categories – broad descriptions of
range of symptoms
Specific Illnesses
Symptoms
Diagnosis/Label
Dimensional Approach
Mental Illnesses not labeled or
categorized
Individual’s behaviors or
mental processes “scored”
on a range from:
Normal--------------Abnormal
Rosenhan challenged the idea of
categories with his famous study.
 Being Sane in Insane Places
 “dull, empty, thud”
 http://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=j6bmZ8cVB4o
Modern Theories

C.
Current Theories of the Nature, Causes, and Treatment of Abnormal Behavior.
*Use your hand gestures to remember most!
1.
The Biological Model
(also called the MEDICAL model):
Mental Illness are PHYSICAL illnesses.
Body Malfunctioning
Cure Medically – medications (RX)/surgery/etc.
2.
The Psychoanalytical Model:
Mental illnesses result from UNCONSCIOUS conflict.
• Analyze fixations, repressed memories, defense mechanisms to cure
• “Peel” back the layers to get to the root of the problem
3.
The Cognitive-Behavioral Model:
Mental illness is the result of LEARNED (behavioral)
maladaptive (unhealthy) ways of thinking (cognitive)
• Treat by LEARNING new ways of THINKING and BEHAVING
Modern Theories
Continued
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4. The Diathesis Stress Model –
Diathesis = Genetic Predisposition
Stress = Sets off the diathesis
*Explains why some develop major illnesses and some
do not, given the same genetic propensity
5. The Systems Theory –(Bio – Psycho – Social)
Mental Illness is a combination of biological (medical),
psychological (cognitive and behavioral) and social
(interpersonal/environmental) factors
Panic Disorder
Agoraphobia
Specific Phobias
Social Anxiety
Selective Mutism
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
OCD
Hoarding
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Trichotillomania
Anxiety and OCD
Disorders
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 Read DSM organizer
classifications for major
anxiety disorders and
symptoms.
 Alternate within
group
 Disorder Organizer
DSM-V.docx
Body Dysmorphic
Disorder
Preoccupation with
ugliness, weight,
appearance.
Normal life becomes
impossible.
 Jocelyn Wildenstein
 “Lion Lady”
Anxiety and OCD Disorders
Case Studies
 OCD Symptoms
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 Obsession – Repetitive thought
 Leads to Anxiety
 Compulsion – Repetitive behavior
 Reduces Anxiety (not rationally)
 David Sedaris ... Naked – Case Study
 The Boy Who Couldn’t Stop Washing – Case Study
 OCD Test
Anxiety and OCD Disorders
Causes and Treatments
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Causes
 Cognitions
 Behaviors/Reinforcing
 Medical Model
Treatment
1. Cognitive/CBT
Stress Inoculation
2.Medical Model
Medications
(anti-anxiety)
Biofeedback
3. Behavioral
Systematic
Desensitization
Final Reviews
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Today: Lunch Review Ch. 10/13 (10)
Tomorrow: Flex Ch. 16 (10)
Tomorrow: After School Practice MC 2:30-4:00 (20)
Thursday: Night Review #4 (25)
Friday: After School Practice FRQ 2:30-4:00 (20)
Monday: Flex Review Ch. 14/15 (10)
Wed: After School 2:30-3:30 Neuro/Research (15)
Thursday: Flex Kicker Term Review (10)
Assignments/Due Dates
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 Midterm exam handed out next time
 Midterm DUE MONDAY
 Notebook Due
 Missing/Late Work DUE
 CCN Ch. 15 DUE Wednesday of next week (27th)
 People Review and Top 100 DUE Friday (29th)
It’s Your Turn …
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Diagnose using the symptoms presented in the worksheet
provided. Work together and discuss.
Answers
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 1. Specific Phobia
 2. Body Dysmorphic
 3. Panic/Agoraphobia
 4. GAD
 5. Panic Disorder
 6. OCD
 7. Social Anxiety Disorder
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
Major Depressive Disorder
Premenstrual Dysmorphic Disorder
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Depressive Disorders
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 Involve significant
shifts in
emotion/mood.
 Read Characteristics –
DSM-V
 Depression Scale
Bipolar I
Bipolar II
Depressive Disorders
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 Involve significant shifts
in emotion/mood.
 Mania
 Depression
 Types:
 Bipolar I
 Bipolar II
 Read Characteristics –
DSM-V
 Disorder Organizer
DSM-V.docx
Bipolar and Depressive
Disorders Continued
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 Causes/Stats:
 Bio
 Genetic
 Twin Studies
 Serotonin and
Norepinephrine
 Brain/Body
 Less Brain Activity
 Psycho – Social
 Negative thought
spiral (cognitive)
 Learned helplessness
(behavioral)
 Cyclical (despite meds)
Treatments – Depressive
and Bipolar Disorders
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 Antidepressants (SSRI’s)
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Prozac
Paxil
Zoloft
Lexapro
 ECT – Major Depression
(when other forms don’t
work)
ECT
 CBT – Train person to end
cognitive spiral
 Lithium (bipolar)
Statistics and Case Studies
Depressive and Bipolar Disorders
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 Widespread/Crosscultural
 More women seek
treatment
 Cycles often preceded by
other stressors
 Cyclical routines usually
last 3 months or less
 Major Depression
 Catherine Zeta-Jones
 Mike Wallace
Final Reviews
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Today: Night Review #4 (25)
Tomorrow: After School Practice FRQ 2:30-4:00 (20)
Monday: Flex Review Ch. 14/15 (10)
Wed: After School 2:30-3:30 Neuro/Research (15)
Thursday: Flex Kicker Term Review (10)
Assignments/Due Dates
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 Midterm DUE MONDAY
 Notebook Due
 Missing/Late Work DUE
 WILL NOT ACCEPT LATER – GET CAUGHT UP!
 CCN Ch. 15 DUE Wednesday of next week (27th)
 People Review, 2007 Exam, and Top 100 DUE Friday
(29th)
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
Dissociative Amnesia (Fugue)
Dissociative Disorders
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 A person’s “conscious”
awareness and personal
past “dissociate” from
each other.
 An individual forgets
events, behaviors,
thoughts, emotions
 NOT organic (physical)
 Statistically hard to track
and difficult to “measure”
 North America (DID)
 Women
Specific Dissociative
Disorders
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 Fugue/Amnesia
 Dissociative Identity
Disorder
 Booo Sybil
case/Shirley Mason
 https://www.youtube
.com/watch?v=YXuG
2zI39yA&safe=active
 Herschel Walker
Causes and Treatments
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Causes
 Repression (psychoanalytic)
 Reinforcement/Avoidance of
Consequences (cognitivebehavioral)
Treatments
 Insight Therapy
Cognitive (CBT)
Psychoanalysis
 Generally there is some
precipitating event/stressor
 Integration therapy for
DID
 Individual “copes” by
splitting/dissociating from the
stress
*nothing medical, not organic
It’s Your Turn …
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Diagnose using the symptoms presented in the worksheet
provided. Work together and discuss.
Answers
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 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.
 6.
 7.
Dissociative Amnesia
Major Depressive Disorder
DID
Bipolar I
Dissociative Amnesia
DID
Major Depressive Disorder
Cluster A
Cluster B
Cluster C
Personality Disorders
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 Impaired social functioning due to pervasive
patterns of BEHAVIOR and maladaptive personality
TRAITS
 Think of the definition of personality
 Over 50 in the DSM
 Affect social relationships significantly
 Individual doesn’t see a problem “It’s just who I am,
it’s your problem!”
Causes and Treatment
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Causes
Treatment
Causes believed to
be behavioral and
cognitive as well as
social and cultural
Best treatment –
insight, behavioral,
cognitive, group
therapies
Conversion Disorder
Illness-Anxiety Disorder
Factitious Disorder
What did Freud call
these?
Hysterias
Neurosis
Apparent Physical
Illness(es), NO
organic(physical)
basis.
Illness Anxiety Disorder
(Hypocondriasis)
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 Base life on avoiding germs
 Think “everything” may make you ill
 Checks medical books
 Second opinions
 Malingering

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilMAK8KvYZs
Conversion Disorder
DRAMATIC
symptoms with no
underlying cause.
Paralysis
Blindness
Deafness
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gtvJYMQGZg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3iA-NAtQgE
Causes
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 Anxiety
 Coping/Defense Mechanisms
 Unconscious Conflict (Psychoanalysis)
Treatment
Psychological
Therapy
Insight Therapy
Cognitive Therapy
Statistics
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 Difficult to Track
 Don’t often seek help
 Referred for counseling for associated disorders…
depression/anxiety
 More females
 VERY infrequent
Delusional Disorder
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia

 Literally means “split
mind” – Often confused
with DID.
 Bicycle Analogy –
Schizophrenia: The bicycle
(mind) splits apart; the
pieces separate and are
put back together. It
never quite works again
properly.
DID: Four separate bicycles
(minds) all function well;
they don’t interact much
(don’t “associate”)
Symptoms of
Schizophrenia
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Positive Symptoms
1. Psychotic Symptoms:
Delusions – false thoughts
Hallucinations – sensory
experience without sensory
input voices most common
2. Disorganization – racing,
disorganized thoughts and speech
Negative Symptoms
3.
Catatonia – lack of motion,
repetition
4.
Inappropriate Affect
(emotional reaction)
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=gGnl8dqEoPQ
Look for these symptoms in Gerry
Symptoms of
Schizophrenia
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 Paranoid
 Thoughts preoccupied with delusions of fear and paranoia
 Positive symptoms
 Disorganized
 Positive symptoms
 Thoughts/communication disorganized
 Indifferent to real life situations
 Catatonic
 Repetition
 Negative symptoms
 Waxy flexibility – body like wax/mold
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAEJ-Jvndms
Schizophrenia Etiology
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 Causes
 Psycho-Social
 Poor coping as child
 Can’t relate to others
 Bio –
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 Onset:
Dopamine Hypothesis
Brain Tissue (less in thalamus and CC)
Prenatal (flu)
Genetic/Twin Studies
Diathesis Stress(adolescence)
 Acute/Reactive
 Chronic/Process
Hippocampus
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Ventricles/Thalamus
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Schizophrenia Stats and
Treatment
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 1% of world
 Early/mid 20’s for men
 Late 20’s/Early 30’s
women
 Cross-cultural
 Affects men/women
equally
Famous People:
Syd Barrett (Pink Floyd)
John Nash (A Beautiful
Mind)
 Treatment:
 Anti-psychotic meds
 Clozapine
 Thorazine
 Neuroleptics
CBT
ECT (rare)
Family Therapy
Group
Homes/Treatment
 Difficult to “cure”
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(Read Organizer)
Feeding and Eating
Disruptive and Conduct
Neurocognitive
Stress/Trauma
It’s Your Turn …
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Diagnose using the symptoms presented in the worksheet
provided. Work together and discuss.
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2.
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Answers
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Schizophrenia Spectrum
Neruocognitive
Antisocial
PTSD
Schizophrenia Spectrum
Narcissistic PD
Paranoid PD
Histrionic PD
Conversion Disorder
OCD PD
Schizotypal PD