Transcript Examine ways in which one model or theory of dysfunctional

1. a. Describe one dysfunctional behavior.
b. Analyze one approach to treatment for the
dysfunctional behavior described in part a.
2. Compare and contrast two models or theories
of dysfunctional behavior.
3. a. Identify and outline one classification
system of dysfunctional behavior.
b. Discuss strengths and limitations of the
classification system.
Biological
Medical Model:
1950s: Chlorpromazine
First modern anti-psychotic drug
Heinz Lehmann
Positive symptoms disappeared
Thru 1980s: Dopamine Hypothesis
Schizophrenia = over activity in
neural pathways of dopamine
1990s: Clozapine
atypical anti-psychotic
more effective in treating and fewer side
effects
?? Does not solely rely on dopamine levels??
Biological
Aetiology:
1. Dopamine Hypothesis ?? still researching
2. Diathesis – Stress Model:
• Late 1990s: “Two – Hit” Model
1: genetic predisposition
2: environmental stress
Treatment:
Psychopharmacology
• neuroleptics: clozapine
Behaviorist:
Aetiology:
•Maladaptive Learning
–Modeling
–Immediacy theory
Weak in explaining origin of disorder, BUT effective in
treatment of disorder
Treatment
–Token Economy
•Able to closely control reinforcers in the
hospital
Cognitive:
Focus on analyzing the symptoms:
1.
2.
3.
•
Delusions
Language
Thought Disturbances
Faulty references
– Misinterpretation of stimuli and events
• Logical errors
– Lapses in reasoning
Cognitive:
Aetiology:
•Defective attention theory
•Difficulty in selecting and attending
to stimuli
Treatment:
•Cognitive Restructuring – Ellis: ABC
Examine ways in which one model
or theory of dysfunctional behavior
contributes to an understanding of
dysfunctional behavior.
20 marks
Psychodynamic:
•Distortion of psychological functioning
•Disintegration of ego – loss of reality
•Double-bind hypothesis
–Faulty communication in family leads to
disorder
•Expressed emotion
–High levels of criticism, hostility, intensity
lead to a likely relapse
Humanistic:
•Distortions of development
–Focus on what the person is experiencing,
not why or how
•Depersonalization: dissociation from a
situation
•Loss of self-awareness