Transcript Schizophrenia

SCHIZOPHRENIA
By: La’Vel Carter
WHAT IS SCHIZOPHRENIA?
• Schizophrenia is a disorder with a range of
symptoms involving disturbances in contents.
(thought, form of thought, perception, affect, sense
of self, motivation, behavior, and interpersonal
functioning.)
• This disorder was first discovered by a French
physician, Benedict Morel, and systematically
defined by German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin.
CONTINUE
• A Swiss psychologist Eugen Bleuler believed that there
was four fundamental features of the disorder that he
identified which were referred to as the 4 A’s, and are still
used:
• Association: thought disorder. Rambling and incoherent
speech.
• Affect: expressing emotion. Laughter in a sad situation.
• Ambivalence: inability to make or follow through with
decision.
• Autism: the tendency to maintain an idiosyncratic style
or egocentric thought and behavior.
ASSOCIATED FEATURES
• There are 5 types of
Schizophrenia:
• Catatonic type
• Disorganized type
• Paranoid type
• Undifferentiated type
ASSOCIATED FEATURES
• Catatonic Type- People with this type of
schizophrenia have a condition that is characterized
by psychomotor disturbance.
• Disorganized type- These people tend to have
disorganized speech, disturbed behavior, and flat or
inappropriate affect.
• Paranoid Type- These people are preoccupied with
frequent auditory hallucinations or with one or more
delusions.
• Undifferentiated Type- These people are different
and have multiple symptoms. They can’t be defined.
• Residual Type- These people have at least one
episode of schizophrenia but currently lack
prominent positive symptoms.
ETIOLOGY
• Many environmental factors may be involved
such as exposed to viruses or mutations
before birth, problems during birth, and other
not known psychological factors.
• Also different brain chemistry and structure
imbalance in the complex interrelated
chemical reactions of the brain involving the
neurotransmitters dopamine and glutamate
and possibly others.
ETIOLOGY
• The way one can get this disorder are by
genes and environment. (If it runs in the
family the illness occurs in 1 percent of
the general population but it occur in 10
percent of people who have a first
degree relative with the disorder such as
parent, brother, sister.)
• People who have second degree
relatives with the disease also develop it
more often than the general population.
PREVALENCE
• This disorder is very common in the U.S.
• It is known as a illness called “psychosis”
that is can’t tell the difference between
what is real from what is imagined. Not the
same as split personality.
• About 1% of the people in the U.S. will
develop it.
• Any human being can get this disorder.
Men often begins in teens or 20s. Women
it often begins in 20s and 30s.
TREATMENT
• The main type of treatment is for this
is counseling and medicines to
lesson or stop psychotic symptoms.
• Medicines will control the psychotic
outbreaks most of the time.
• Medicines need to be taken regularly
even though symptoms are no
longer showing. Patients are not to
stop unless told to do so by their
doctor.
PROGNOSIS
• Some patients may have only one
episode and recover, but majority remain
ill and unable to work for life.
• This disorder use up about 2.5% of the
U.S. healthcare.
• 45% recover after one or more episodes.
• 20% show constant symptoms, and
increasing disability.
• 35% display mixed pattern with varying
degrees of improvement or deterioration.
REFERENCES
DISCUSSION QUESTION
• Do you think someone with this
disorder should be able to get a
regular American job?
• Do you think these people
should be hospitalized or
watched, or should be able to
live alone?
QUIZ QUESTIONS
• 1. According to the Swiss psychologist Eugen Bleuler what are
the four fundamental features of the disorder? (4 A’s)
• 2. What is the other name for this disorder?
• 3. What are the treatments for this disorder and describe how it
helps.