Transcript study of brain

Psychological Problems and their
Solutions through Computer Techniques
Presented By: Misbah Arif (0612117)
Presentation Flow

Introduction to Psychology

Various Psychological Problems

Computerized techniques in diagnosing Psychological
Problems

Importance in Pakistan

Role of Bio-informatics
Introduction to Psychology
What is Psychology?

Definition - Scientific study of behavior
and mental processes

It explores thoughts, emotions, feelings,
sentiments, ideas, actions and behavior.

Studies problems related to nervous
system of our body

Study of mind includes the study of
mind in body and that leads the study
of brain
What is Psychology
Brain – a Main player in Psychology

Brain is the physical basis of
our mind

It directs the mind what to
do and what not to do.

Brain is always on the go and
it is controlling almost every
system of our body

Little disturbance in brain
affects entire body
Diagrammatical representation of Brain
Nervous System
Neural Organization of Nervous System
Nervous System acts like a network
that communicates different messages
back and forth from the brain to
different parts and organs of the body.
Types of Nervous System
 Central Nervous System
 Peripheral Nervous System
Nervous System – cont..

Basic functioning of nervous
system depends on billions of
neurons that have many
specialized jobs.

Neurons establish a path with
the help of neurotransmitters
that help in traveling the
microscopic gap known as
synaptic cleft

These connections become
stronger as we grow older
How Nervous System works?
Various Psychological Problems
Psychological Problems
“Psychological problems are mental disorders or mental illness
that occurs in an individual and is thought to cause distress or
disability that is not expected as part of normal development or
culture ”
Stress

Stress is anything that makes us feel upset or threatened in any way.

Negative stress- Distress which can become a major cause of many
other problems

Causes – Work, family, unrealistic expectations etc

Three different stages
Stages of Stress
Anxiety

Long term distress can lead
to anxiety

An emotional state in which
people feel uneasy,
apprehensive or fearful

“Anxiety occurs when a
reaction is out of proportion
with what might be normally
expected in a situation.”
Different symptoms of Anxiety
Anxiety – cont..
Types of Anxiety Disorders

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - anxiety that has resulted from any
previous experience

Generalized Anxiety Disorder – Unrealistic

Social Anxiety Disorder - horror of being negatively judged by other
people or a fear of public embarrassment cause of any reason
Depression
According to Robert J. Hedaya,
"Depression is rapidly becoming the second leading cause of
disability in the world.”
PET Scan of Depressive and Normal Mind
Depression – cont..

Symptoms of Depression
◦ Thinking ability will change
◦ Behave extremely rude due to
their negative thoughts
◦ Appetite decreases
◦ Complain about every thing
◦ Excessive crying and lack of
interest in physical appearance
and hygiene
Symptoms of Depression
Computerized techniques in solving
Psychological Problems
Neuroimaging

Psychological problem causes changes in the brain that can be viewed
with brain imaging devices

Neuroimaging - used to find the
abnormality present in the structure of
brain

Helps in knowing the kind and level of problem occurred in brain
MRI Scan
PET Scan
ECG of Mind
Brain’s vestibular system is
closely connected to the
regions of the brain that are
related to emotions and
behavior.
New technique that
measures and compares the
patterns and behavior of
electrical activities in the
brain’s balance or vestibular
system
ECG of Mind
Computational Modeling

A new tool for psychiatric medication
development

Realistic models of brain are
developed

Help a psychiatrist to examine brain at
different levels and “what-if” scenarios

MATLAB and General
Neural Simulation System (GENESIS)
Computational Modeling of Brain
Importance in Pakistan and
Role of Bioinformatics
Importance in Pakistan

Extreme importance

Current Progress
◦ Pakistan Journal of Psychiatric society - an official journal of Pakistan Psychiatric
Society.
Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society
◦ Aga Khan and Liaquat National Hospital use different neuroimaging tools like
FMRI and PET scan
◦ Various Conferences
FMRI Scan of a patient taken at AKU in Pakistan
Relationship with Bioinformatics
Brain-informatics
Brain-Informatics
Used to understand causes of mental illness
Solving major brain related problems with the help of technology
Brain-Informatics
Thank You!